July 2011 - P2P-Foundation - lists.ourproject.org

empowering communities through new forms of distributed ownership
by Michel Bauwens 05 Jul '11

05 Jul '11

Dear Sepp, could you look into the EMpowering COmmunities bk, present it, and eventually contact the author as it may have concrete examples and case studies, which we could feature as book of the week on our blog? thanks for considering it, see http://www.earthscan.co.uk/blog/post/We-shouldnt-be-asking-private-energy-c… Michel -- P2P Foundation: http://p2pfoundation.net - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net Connect: http://p2pfoundation.ning.com; Discuss: http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation Updates: http://del.icio.us/mbauwens; http://friendfeed.com/mbauwens; http://twitter.com/mbauwens; http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens

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Online TV show on Free Culture from Spain
by ChaTo (Carlos Alberto Alejandro CASTILLO Ocaranza) 04 Jul '11

04 Jul '11

Hello P2P people, I wanted to share with you this project by Daniel Mariscal, a young video producer from Cordoba, Spain. The name is Creativos Conecta2, and it is an online TV show on Free Culture; the first program is already available at http://creativosconecta2.tv/* * The program has 2 weekly segments: "/Pensamiento Libre/" (free thinking), with news about Free Culture, and "/Creador Libre/" (free creator), that is a showcase of artists that use free licenses for their work. These are presented by journalist Ana Espejo. There is also a bi-weekly segment "/Documentos Libres/" with a micro-documentary on a related topic [disclosure: the latter is based on my free culture podcast]. Well, what I wanted to ask you guys is to *encourage him in any way you can*. For instance if you know of Spanish artists that want to showcase their works in his /Creador Libre/ segment, please go ahead and suggest them to do so. Also if you speak Spanish, and like the show, just drop him a brief e-mail or tweet. Thank you, -- *ChaTo (Carlos Castillo) <http://www.chato.cl/>* /Let's connect! · LinkedIn <http://www.linkedin.com/in/chato> · Facebook <http://www.facebook.com/chato/> · Twitter <http://twitter.com/chatox>/

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Fwd: EU calls for 'Tobin' tax in a move to raise direct revenue
by Michel Bauwens 04 Jul '11

04 Jul '11

---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Dante-Gabryell Monson <dante.monson(a)gmail.com> Date: Thu, Jun 30, 2011 at 6:47 AM Subject: Fwd: EU calls for 'Tobin' tax in a move to raise direct revenue To: econowmix(a)googlegroups.com http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jun/29/ec-proposes-tobin-style-taxes note: thanks to mihail for the link ---------- Forwarded message ---------- spotted this on the guardian.co.uk site and thought you should see it. To see this story with its related links on the guardian.co.uk site, go to http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jun/29/ec-proposes-tobin-style-taxes EU calls for 'Tobin' tax in a move to raise direct revenue European commission unveils trillion-euro budget plan and wants bigger share of its spending to come from tax revenue or other levies that go automatically to Brussels Ian Traynor in Brussels Thursday June 30 2011 The Guardian http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jun/29/ec-proposes-tobin-style-taxes The European commission has called for Tobin-style taxes on the EU's financial sector to generate direct revenue for its first trillion-euro budget. Unveiling its blueprint for the EU budget for the seven years from 2014, the commission demanded a bigger share of its spending supplied from "own resources" ? tax revenue or other levies that go auto- matically to Brussels rather than being handed over by the 27 member states. In the face of stiff opposition from Britain, the commission called for much of the budget to come directly from new financial market taxes and a simplified method of taking a share of member states' VAT receipts. "We are proposing an ambitious and, at the same time, responsible budget," said Jos? Manuel Barroso, the president of the commission. "It is a realistic proposal." The proposed budget for 2014-2020 amounts to ?971.5bn (?872bn) in payments and ?1,025tn in commitments. "It's a ?1tn budget," said an EU official. It is the opening round in what will be a gruelling 18 months of battle between national governments, the commission and the European parliament. David Cameron, the British prime minister, has selected the budget issue as the key battleground for his EU policy, heading a group of wealthier countries determined to minimise budget increases. They want to subject EU institutions and its spending to the same sort of austerity measures being implemented in many member states. Together with German, French, Dutch and Finnish leaders, Cameron has demanded that the 2014-2020 budget spending be frozen at the level of 2013, rising only in line with inflation. That would mean the EU budget would amount to about 0.92% of aggregated EU gross national income. The final proposal being haggled over on Wednesday was believed to come in at 1.02%. The mountain of documentation that is being released by the commission was preceded by lengthy negotiations within the executive. The EU's foreign policy chief, Lady Ashton, who also sits as Britain's commissioner, was said to have used an 11-hour session this week to win early agreement on the sanctity of Britain's perennially contested rebate, currently worth ?3bn a year. "There will always be corrections if there are imbalances," she maintained. The commission said that it wanted to simplify the rebate system through a new practice of annual lump-sum reductions. Ashton also argued that an EU tax on financial transactions, which is strongly opposed by the British government, would not work unless also levied internationally. Precise details of the proposed taxes on the financial sector remained unclear. The British government promptly dismissed the commission blueprint. "The European commission's proposal is completely unrealistic," a spokesperson said. "It is too large, not the restrained budget they claim and incompatible with the tough decisions being taken in countries across Europe." Britain is to resist any idea that the commission could levy direct European taxes to raise revenue. The commission denies that it is demanding direct European taxes. The government also fears that a financial transactions tax ? a Tobin or "Robin Hood" tax ? would disproportionately penalise the City of London, with traders and banks probably just moving to New York or the far east. "We would lose jobs and revenue," said an official. Support for such a move, however, is growing among both EU governments. A recent Eurobarometer opinion poll showed 61% support for a tax on financial transactions across the EU, with two- thirds of Britons backing it. David Hillman, spokesman for the Robin Hood Tax campaign, said: "The British government should wake up and smell the coffee. Other governments are moving ahead with a bank tax, while we are letting our financial sector off the hook. "A Robin Hood tax on the banks would be the most popular tax in history." guardian.co.uk Copyright (c) Guardian News and Media Limited. 2011 Registered in England and Wales No. 908396 Registered office: PO Box 68164, Kings Place, 90 York Way, London N1P 2AP Please consider the environment before printing this email. ------------------------------------------------------------------ Visit guardian.co.uk - newspaper of the year www.guardian.co.uk www.observer.co.uk -- P2P Foundation: http://p2pfoundation.net - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net Connect: http://p2pfoundation.ning.com; Discuss: http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation Updates: http://del.icio.us/mbauwens; http://friendfeed.com/mbauwens; http://twitter.com/mbauwens; http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens

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Fwd: Welcome to the discussion on the future of IP in the "empyre" mailing list (Digest mode)
by Michel Bauwens 04 Jul '11

04 Jul '11

fyi ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Simon Biggs <s.biggs(a)eca.ac.uk> Date: Mon, Jul 4, 2011 at 10:07 PM Subject: Re: Welcome to the "empyre" mailing list (Digest mode) Here are the intro texts: July on empyre soft-skinned space http://www.subtle.net/empyre Reclaiming creativity as agent of change Moderated by Simon Biggs (UK/Australia) with co-moderator and discussant Magnus Lawrie (UK) and invited discussants Shu Lea Cheang (Taiwan/USA/France), Paolo Cirio (Italy), Jussi Parikka (Finland/UK), Saul Albert (UK), Julian Oliver (NZ), Michel Bauwens (Belgium) and Simon Yuill (UK). Dear empyre subscribers, Established during the so-called "age of discovery", cities such as London were not only loci of empire but trading hubs. At that time European nations exercised power at sea. However, there were other players on the high-seas - the pirates, portrayed as scavengers and thieves but also as social innovators and redistributive "Robin Hoods". In the context of a rapidly growing global communications network, in which our IP is traded and which governments and corporations seek to control, what might be the role of the pirate? The media regularly report examples of minor IP theft; individuals downloading or sharing content. More recently the activities of Anonymous and Lulz have gained attention. This raises the question of piracy as political imperative, social compact and tactic of economic subversion. The UK government's recent Hargreaves Report "Digital Opportunity: A Review of Intellectual Property and Growth" considered whether "...laws designed more than three centuries ago with the express purpose of creating economic incentives for innovation by protecting creators' rights are today obstructing innovation and economic growth?" (Hargreaves 2011) The report's short answer was "yes". Its longer answer offers some positive suggestions; for example, encouraging distribution and open access to orphan works. However, more disturbing conclusions, driven by vested interests and political considerations, threaten open access to intellectual property. The most worrying recommendation is the creation of an IP commodity market; bringing together rights' holders and other business interests to create "the world's first Digital Copyright Exchange", making "...market transactions faster, more automated and cheaper". This recommendation is made, by Hargreaves' own admission, after receiving "evidence" from some of the largest IP holders on the planet, including Pearson, News Corporation, Reed Elsevier and the European Publisher's Council. Hargreaves proposes a market "...providing the services global players use to license their content for world content markets". This would benefit large-scale IP holders and speculators. "Supported by other moves to achieve easier cross border licensing in the EU, bulk licensing of large digital collections and a common code of practice for copyright collecting societies, the UK can aspire to be the leading service support centre for IP matters in the European time zone." If implemented this would herald the full marketisation of creativity and confirm it as a speculative commodity. This month's discussion on empyre considers the motivations and potential value of the pirate ethos as an alternate model of creative and economic activity, especially in relation to intellectual property - perhaps the most subjective and transformative of all forms of property. We propose that piracy, including its modalities of vagrancy and vandalism, offers a contrasting model that may allow us to reclaim creativity and innovation from the chilling instrumental visions of governments and corporations. In what often appears a black and white world pirates come in shades. Hargreaves, I (2011) http://www.ipo.gov.uk/ipreview.htm - accessed 24 June 2011 This months guests on empyre, in the order of the weeks they will be sharing their "intellectual property", are: Shu Lea Cheang works with net-based installation, social interface, networked performance and film/digital production. Her work traverses hard and soft, sex and polities, fiction and reality, fantasia and earth-bound. Cheang co-initiated Kingdom of Piracy (since 2002), an online, open work space which explores piracy as the net's ultimate art form. For KOP, she created BURN (2003), commissioned by FACT, Liverpool and shown as part of Zone of Urgency at Venice Biennale 2003. Currently she is working on UKI, (2009-2012), a viral performance/game project which merges corporal virus, viral codes and bio-hack in a scenario of code-sexing frenzy. http://kop.kein.org , http://kop.kein.org/burn , http://www.u-k-i.co Paolo Cirio works as media artist in various fields: net-art, street-art, video-art, software-art and and experimental fiction. He has won prestigious art awards and his controversial works have been sustained by research grants, collaborations and residencies. He has exhibited in museums and art institutions worldwide. As public speaker he delivers lectures and workshops on media tactics. His works include Google will Eat Itself, Amazon Noir and Face to Facebook. www.paolocirio.net Jussi Parikka is Reader in Media & Design at Winchester School of Art (University of Southampton). His books include Digital Contagions: A Media Archaeology of Computer Viruses (2007); The Spam Book: On Porn, Viruses and Other Anomalous Objects from the Dark Side of Digital Culture (2009); Insect Media: Archaeology of Animals and Technology (2010) and Media Archaeology: Approaches, Applications, Implications (2011). Homepage and blog: http://jussiparikka.net Magnus Lawrie is an artist and PhD candidate at Edinburgh College of Art. He has participated in hackspaces and wireless networking communities in Scotland and elsewhere in Europe, including the Chateau Institute of Technology and the Electron Club in Glasgow. He is the recipient of the ELMCIP studentship award, researching creative digital writing practices. Saul Albert is a PhD researcher at Queen Mary University, London, on the Media and Arts Technology Programme (http://qmat.net/saul) where he is working on Conversational Aesthetics. He works with The People Speak (http://theps.net) creating 'tools for the world to take over itself', and co-organises Dorkbot London (http://dorkbot.org/dorkbotlondon) a local chapter of a global group of 'people doing strange things with electricity'. Julian Oliver is a New Zealander based in Berlin. Not just an Artist but a Critical Engineer, working since 1998. His work has been presented at many museums, electronic-art events and conferences, including Tate Modern, Transmediale, Ars Electronica and the Japan Media Arts Festival. His work has received several awards, including the Golden Nica at this year's Prix Ars Electronica for a collaborative project with his studio partner Danja Vasiliev. Julian has given numerous workshops in software art, hacking, artistic game-development, information visualisation, UNIX/Linux and open source development practices. He is an advocate of free software, working exclusively with free and open source software in his own practice. http://julianoliver.com Michel Bauwens is founder of the P2P Foundation, a global collaborative interested in understanding and promoting peer production, governance and property in every domain of human life, as well as open and free (input), participatory (process) and commons-oriented (output) paradigms. Its aim is to see how the p2p ethic, open infrastructures, and institutional ecology of peer production can become the new core social norm. With Frank Theys, Bauwens co-produced TechnoCalyps, the metaphysics of technology and the end of Man, a 3-hour TV documentary. The resource base is available via http://p2pfoundation.net - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net Simon Yuill is an artist, programmer and researcher who has published with MUTE, Variant and MIT Press. He is currently working on projects with Constant VZW (Brussels) and The Strickland Distribution (Glasgow). http://www.constantvzw.org http://www.strickdistro.org We would like to welcome our two colleagues for the first week's discussion for July on empyre, Shu Lea Cheang and Paolo Cirio. Each is an artist who engages themes and employs methods that directly address issues of authorship, intellectual property, sharing and open access. Shu Lea Cheang (Taiwan/USA/France) works with net-based installation, social interface, networked performance and film/digital production. Her work traverses hard and soft, sex and polities, fiction and reality, fantasia and earth-bound. Cheang co-initiated Kingdom of Piracy (since 2002), an online, open work space which explores piracy as the net's ultimate art form. For KOP, she created BURN (2003), commissioned by FACT, Liverpool and shown as part of Zone of Urgency at Venice Biennale 2003. Currently she is working on UKI, (2009-2012), a viral performance/game project which merges corporal virus, viral codes and bio-hack in a scenario of code-sexing frenzy. http://kop.kein.org , http://kop.kein.org/burn , http://www.u-k-i.co Paolo Cirio (Italy) works as media artist in various fields: net-art, street-art, video-art, software-art and and experimental fiction. He has won prestigious art awards and his controversial works have been sustained by research grants, collaborations and residencies. He has exhibited in museums and art institutions worldwide. As public speaker he delivers lectures and workshops on media tactics. The July edition of empyre " Reclaiming creativity as agent of change" is co-moderated by Simon Biggs (UK/Aus) and Magnus Lawrie (UK). On 04/07/2011 15:32, "shu lea cheang" <shulea(a)earthlink.net> wrote: > hi, maybe this also answers michel's question > > sl > > >> >> >> Posts are archived here: >> >> https://lists.cofa.unsw.edu.au/pipermail/empyre/2011-July/thread.html Simon Biggs | simon(a)littlepig.org.uk | www.littlepig.org.uk s.biggs(a)eca.ac.uk | Edinburgh College of Art www.eca.ac.uk/circle | www.elmcip.net | www.movingtargets.net Edinburgh College of Art (eca) is a charity registered in Scotland, number SC009201 -- P2P Foundation: http://p2pfoundation.net - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net Connect: http://p2pfoundation.ning.com; Discuss: http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation Updates: http://del.icio.us/mbauwens; http://friendfeed.com/mbauwens; http://twitter.com/mbauwens; http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens

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open renewables
by Michel Bauwens 04 Jul '11

04 Jul '11

Dear Sepp, could you have a look and present to our audience, see http://www.onawi.org/ -- P2P Foundation: http://p2pfoundation.net - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net Connect: http://p2pfoundation.ning.com; Discuss: http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation Updates: http://del.icio.us/mbauwens; http://friendfeed.com/mbauwens; http://twitter.com/mbauwens; http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens

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"Europe’s wakeup call" - Le Monde Diplomatique
by Dante-Gabryell Monson 04 Jul '11

04 Jul '11

English Version, for P2PF Blog Quoting ... http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe ‘Don’t be ashamed to ask for the moon: we need it’ Europe’s wakeup call by Serge Halimi The economic, and democratic, crisis in Europe raises questions. Why were policies that were bound to fail adopted and applied with exceptional ferocity in Ireland, Spain, Portugal and Greece? Are those responsible for pursuing these policies mad, doubling the dose every time their medicine predictably fails to work? How is it that in a democratic system, the people forced to accept cuts and austerity simply replace one failed government with another just as dedicated to the same shock treatment? Is there any alternative? The answer to the first two questions is clear, once we forget the propaganda about the “public interest”, Europe’s “shared values” and being “all in this together”. The policies are rational and on the whole are achieving their objective. But that objective is not to end the economic and financial crisis but to reap its rich rewards. The crisis means that hundreds of thousands of civil service jobs can be cut (in Greece, nine out of ten civil servants will not be replaced on retirement), salaries and paid leave reduced, tranches of the economy sold off for the benefit of private interests, labour laws questioned, indirect taxes (the most regressive) increased, the cost of public services raised, reimbursement of health care charges reduced. The crisis is heaven-sent for neoliberals, who would have had to fight long and hard for any of these measures, and now get them all. Why should they want to see the end of a tunnel that is a fast track to paradise? The Irish Business and Employers Confederation (IBEC)’s directors went to Brussels on 15 June to ask the European Commission to pressure Dublin to dismantle some of Ireland’s labour legislation, fast. After the meeting, Brendan McGinty, IBEC director of Industrial Relations and Human Resources, warned: “Ireland needs to show the world it is serious about economic reform and getting labour costs back into line. Foreign observers clearly see that our wage rules are a barrier to job creation, growth and recovery. Major reform is a key part of the programme agreed with the EU and the IMF. Now is not the time for government to shirk from the hard decisions.” The decisions will not be hard for everyone, following a course that is already familiar: “Pay rates for new workers in unregulated sectors have fallen by about 25% in recent years. This shows the labour market is responding to an economic and unemployment crisis” (1<http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nb1>). The lever of sovereign debt enables the European Union and International Monetary Fund to impose the Irish employers’ dream order on Dublin. The same view seems to apply elsewhere. On 11 June, an *Economist* editorial observed that “Reform-minded Greeks see the crisis as an opportunity to set their country right. They quietly praise foreigners for turning the screws on their politicians” (2 <http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nb2>). The same issue analysed the EU and IMF austerity plan for Portugal: “Business leaders are adamant that there should be no deviation from the IMF/EU plan. Pedro Ferraz da Costa, who heads a business think-tank, says no Portuguese party in the past 30 years would have put forward so radical a reform programme. He adds that Portugal cannot afford to miss this opportunity” (3<http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nb3>). Long live the crisis. Catering only to rentiers Portuguese democracy is just 30 years old. Its young leaders were showered with carnations by crowds grateful for the end of a long dictatorship and colonial wars in Africa, the promise of agrarian reform, literacy programmes and power for factory workers. Now, with reductions in the minimum wage and unemployment benefit, neoliberal reforms in pensions, health and education, and privatisation, they have had a great leap backwards. The new prime minister, Pedro Passos Coelho, has promised to go even further than the EU and the IMF require. He wants to “surprise” investors. US economist Paul Krugman explains: “Consciously or not, policy makers are catering almost exclusively to the interests of rentiers – those who derive lots of income from assets, who lent large sums of money in the past, often unwisely, but are now being protected from loss at everyone else’s expense.” Krugman says creditor interests naturally prevail because “this is the class that makes big campaign contributions, it’s the class that has personal access to policy makers, many of whom go to work for these people when they exit government through the revolving door” (4<http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nb4>). During the EU discussion on funding Greek recovery, Austrian finance minister Maria Fekter initially suggested: “You can’t leave the profits with the banks and make the taxpayers shoulder the losses” (5<http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nb5>). This was short-lived. Europe hesitated for 48 hours, then the interests of rentiers prevailed, as usual. To understand the “complex” mechanisms underlying the sovereign debt crisis, you need to know about constant innovations in financial engineering: futures, CDs (credit default swaps) etc. This level of sophistication reserves analysis for select experts who generally profit from their knowledge. They pocket the proceeds while the economically illiterate pay, as a tribute they owe to fate, or to an aspect of the modern world that is beyond them. Let’s try the simple political explanation instead. Long ago, European kings borrowed from the Doge of Venice or Florentine merchants or Genoese bankers. They were under no obligation to repay these loans and sometimes neglected to do so, a neat way of settling public debt. Many years later, the young Soviet regime announced that it would not be held accountable for money the tsars had borrowed and squandered, so generations of French savers suddenly found they had worthless Russian loans in their attics. But there were more subtle ways of getting out of debt. In the UK, debt declined from 216% of gross domestic product in 1945 to 138% in 1955, and in the US it fell from 116% of GDP to 66%. Without any austerity plan. Of course, the surge in post-war economic development automatically reduced the proportion of debt in national wealth. But that was not all. States repaid a nominal sum at the time, reduced each year by the level of inflation. If a loan subscribed at 5% annual interest is repaid in currency that is depreciating at the rate of 10% a year, the real interest rate becomes negative to the benefit of the debtor. Between 1945 and 1980, the real interest rate in most western countries was negative almost every year. As a result, as *The Economist* remarked: “Savers deposited money in banks, which lent to governments at interest rates below the level of inflation” (6<http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nb6>). Debt was cut without much trouble. In the US, negative real interest rates were worth the equivalent of 6.3% of GDP per year to the Treasury, from 1945 to 1955 (7 <http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nb7>). Why did savers allow themselves to be cheated? They had no choice. Capital controls and the nationalisation of the banks meant that they had to lend to the state, and that is how it got its funds. Wealthy individuals did not have the option to invest on spec in Brazilian stock index-linked to changes in the price of soybeans over the next three years. There was a flight of capital, suitcases of gold ingots leaving France for Switzerland the day before devaluation or an election in which the left might win. However, this was illegal. Up to the 1980s, index-linked wage rises (sliding scales) protected most workers against the consequences of inflation, and controls on free movement of capital had forced investors to put up with negative real interest rates. After the Reagan/Thatcher years, the opposite applied. The system has no pity Sliding wage scales disappeared almost everywhere: in France, the economist Alain Cotta called this major decision, in 1982, “[Jacques] Delors’ gift [to employers]” (8 <http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nb8>). Between 1981 and 2007, inflation was destroyed and real interest rates were almost always positive. Profiting from the liberalisation of capital movements, “savers” (this does not mean old age pensioners with a post office account in Lisbon or carpenters in Salonika) make states compete for funds and, as François Mitterrand said, “make money in their sleep”. Moving from sliding wage scales and negative real interest rates to a reduction in the purchasing power of labour and a meteoric increase in returns on capital completely upsets the social balance. Apparently this is not enough. The troika (European Commission, ECB and IMF) has decided to improve the mechanisms designed to favour capital at the expense of labour, by adding coercion, blackmail and ultimatum. States bled by their over-generous efforts to rescue the banks, and begging for loans to balance their monthly accounts, are told to choose between a market-led clean-up and bankruptcy. A swathe of Europe, where the dictatorships of António de Oliveira Salazar, Francisco Franco and the Greek colonels ended, has been reduced to the rank of a protectorate run by Brussels, Frankfurt and Washington, the main aim being to defend the financial sector. These states still have their own governments, but only to ensure that orders are carried out and to endure abuse from the people who know the system will never take pity on them, however poor they are. According to *Le Figaro*, “Most Greeks see the international supervision of the budget as a new form of dictatorship, like the old days when the colonels were in charge, between 1967 and 1974” (9<http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nb9>). The European ideal will not gain from being associated with a bailiff who seizes islands, beaches, national companies and public services and sells them to private investors. Since 1919 and the Treaty of Versailles, everyone knows that such public humiliation can unleash destructive nationalism – and all the more so as provocations increase. The next ECB governor, Mario Draghi, who – like his predecessor – will issue strict orders in Athens, was vice chairman and managing director of Goldman Sachs when the bank was helping the conservative government in Greece to cook the books (10<http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nb10>). The IMF, which also takes a view on the French constitution, has asked Paris to insert a “rule to balance public finances”; Nicolas Sarkozy is already working on it. France has let it be known that it would like the Greek political parties to follow the example of their Portuguese counterparts, “join forces, and form an alliance”; and the prime minister, François Fillon, and European Commission president, José Barroso, have tried to persuade the Greek conservative leader, Antonis Samaras, to take this course. ECB head Jean-Claude Trichet considers that “the European authorities could have the right to veto some national economic policy decisions” (11<http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nb11> ). Honduras has established an enterprise zone, in which national sovereignty does not apply. Europe is currently establishing a debate zone for all the economic and social issues no longer discussed by the political parties because these areas have gone beyond their control. Inter-party competition now concentrates on social matters: the burqa, the legalisation of cannabis, radar on motorways, the angry gestures or foul language of a reckless politician or intoxicated artist. This confirms a trend already noticeable 20 years ago: real political power is shifting to areas where democracy carries no weight, until the day when indignation finally boils over. Which is where we are. But indignation is powerless without some understanding of the mechanisms that caused it. We know the alternatives – reject the monetarist, deflationist policies that deepen the crisis, cancel part of the debt if not all of it, take over the banks, get finance under control, reverse globalisation and recover the hundreds of billions of euros the state has lost by tax cuts that favour the wealthy (?70bn in France in the past ten years, more than $1 trillion in the US, especially for the top 1% of income earners). And knowledge of these alternatives has been shared by people who know at least as much about economics as Trichet, but do not serve the same interests. This is not a technical and financial debate but a political and social battle. Of course, the economic liberals will claim that what progressives demand is impossible. But what have they achieved, apart from creating a situation that is unbearable? Perhaps it is time to remember how Jean-Paul Sartre summed up Paul Nizan’s advice to people who bottle up their aggression: “Do not be ashamed to ask for the moon: we need it” (12<http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nb12> ). See also - Madrid’s belated spring <http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/02spain> - by Raúl Guillén  Translated by Barbara Wilson More by Serge Halimi <http://mondediplo.com/_Serge-Halimi_> (1 <http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nh1>) “IBEC in Brussels on concerns about reform of wage rules<http://ibec.com/IBEC/Press/PressPublicationsdoclib3.nsf/vPages/Newsroom~ibe…>”, IBEC, 15 June 2011. (2 <http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nh2>) Charlemagne, “It’s all Greek to them <http://www.economist.com/node/18805263>”, *The Economist*, London, 11 June 2011. (3 <http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nh3>) “A grim inheritance<http://www.economist.com/node/18805349> ”, *The Economist*, 9 June 2011. (4 <http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nh4>) Paul Krugman, “Rule by Rentiers <http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/10/opinion/10krugman.html>”, *The New York Times*, 10 June 2011. (5 <http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nh5>) *International Herald Tribune*, Paris, 15 June 2011. (6 <http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nh6>) See “The Great Repression<http://www.economist.com/node/18834259> ”, *The Economist*, London, 18 June 2011, which explains the history of this mechanism. (7 <http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nh7>) Ibid. (8 <http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nh8>) Jacques Delors was France’s economic and finance minister in François Mitterrand’s administration, before becoming head of the European Commission. (9 <http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nh9>) *Le Figaro*, Paris, 16 June 2011. (10 <http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nh10>) See Serge Halimi, “Too big to fail <http://mondediplo.com/2010/03/01banks>”, *Le Monde diplomatique *, English edition, March 2010. (11 <http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nh11>) Reuters, 2 June 2011. (12 <http://mondediplo.com/2011/07/01europe#nh12>) Jean-Paul Sartre, preface to *Aden Arabie*, Maspero, Paris, 1971. 2011/7/3 Michel Bauwens <michelsub2004(a)gmail.com> > Dante, if you find an english version of this, I would quote it in our blog > ... > > > 2011/7/3 Dante-Gabryell Monson <dante.monson(a)gmail.com> > >> http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/HALIMI/20760 >> >> « Ne rougissez pas de vouloir la lune : il nous la faut » >> >> La crise de la dette qui balaie certains pays européens prend une tournure >> inédite : née du choix des Etats d’emprunter pour sauver les banques, elle >> place des pouvoirs publics exsangues sous la tutelle d’institutions >> soustraites au suffrage universel. Le destin des peuples de la Grèce, du >> Portugal et de l’Irlande ne se forge plus dans les Parlements, mais dans les >> bureaux de la Banque centrale, de la Commission européenne et du Fonds >> monétaire international. En attendant une convergence des mouvements >> sociaux ? >> >> La crise de la dette qui balaie certains pays européens prend une >> tournure inédite : née du choix des Etats d’emprunter pour sauver les >> banques, elle place des pouvoirs publics exsangues sous la tutelle >> d’institutions soustraites au suffrage universel. Le destin des peuples de >> la Grèce, du Portugal et de l’Irlande ne se forge plus dans les Parlements, >> mais dans les bureaux de la Banque centrale, de la Commission européenne et >> du Fonds monétaire international. En attendant une convergence des >> mouvements sociaux ? >> Par Serge Halimi >> >> Economique mais aussi démocratique, la crise européenne soulève quatre >> questions principales. Pourquoi des politiques dont la banqueroute est >> assurée sont-elles néanmoins déployées dans trois pays (Irlande, Portugal, >> Grèce) avec une férocité remarquée ? Les architectes de ces choix sont-ils >> des illuminés pour que chaque échec — prévisible — de leur médication les >> conduise à en décupler la dose ? Dans des systèmes démocratiques, comment >> expliquer que les peuples victimes de telles ordonnances semblent n’avoir >> d’autre recours que de remplacer un gouvernement qui a failli par un autre >> idéologiquement jumeau et déterminé à pratiquer la même « thérapie de >> choc » ? Enfin, est-il possible de faire autrement ? >> >> La réponse aux deux premières questions s’impose sitôt qu’on s’affranchit >> du verbiage publicitaire sur l’« intérêt général », les « valeurs partagées >> de l’Europe », le « vivre ensemble ». Loin d’être folles, les politiques >> mises en œuvre sont rationnelles. Et, pour l’essentiel, elles atteignent >> leur objectif. Seulement, celui-ci n’est pas de mettre un terme à la crise >> économique et financière, mais d’en recueillir les fruits, incroyablement >> juteux. Une crise qui permet de supprimer des centaines de milliers de >> postes de fonctionnaires (en Grèce, neuf départs à la retraite sur dix ne >> seront pas remplacés), d’amputer leurs traitements et la durée de leurs >> congés payés, de brader des pans entiers de l’économie au profit d’intérêts >> privés, de remettre en cause le droit du travail, d’augmenter les impôts >> indirects (les plus inégalitaires), de relever les tarifs des services >> publics, de réduire le remboursement des soins de santé, d’exaucer en somme >> le rêve d’une société de marché — cette crise-là constitue la providence des >> libéraux. En temps ordinaire, la moindre des mesures prises les aurait >> contraints à un combat incertain et acharné ; ici, tout vient d’un coup. >> Pourquoi souhaiteraient-ils donc la sortie d’un tunnel qui ressemble pour >> eux à une autoroute vers la Terre promise ? >> >> Le 15 juin dernier, les dirigeants de l’Irish Business and Employers >> Confederation (IBEC), l’organisation patronale irlandaise, se rendaient à >> Bruxelles. Ils demandèrent à la Commission européenne de faire pression sur >> Dublin pour qu’une partie de la législation du travail irlandaise soit >> démantelée sans tarder. Au sortir de la réunion, M. Brendan McGinty, >> directeur des relations industrielles et des ressources humaines de l’IBEC, >> déclara : *« Les observateurs étrangers voient bien que nos règles >> salariales entravent la création d’emplois, la croissance et la reprise. Or >> une réforme d’envergure constitue un élément central du programme qui a reçu >> l’aval de l’UE*[Union européenne] *et du FMI* [Fonds monétaire >> international]. *Ce n’est pas le moment pour le gouvernement de caler >> devant les décisions difficiles. »* >> >> Difficiles, les décisions ne le seront pas pour tous, puisqu’elles >> généraliseront une tendance déjà observée dans les secteurs déréglementés : >> *« L’échelle des rémunérations pour les nouveaux salariés a baissé >> d’environ 25 % ces dernières années,* note l’IBEC. *Ce qui montre que le >> marché du travail répond* [sic] *à une crise économique et au chômage* (1<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/HALIMI/20760#nb1> >> ).* »* Ainsi, le levier de la dette souveraine procure à l’UE et au FMI >> les moyens de faire régner à Dublin l’ordre dont rêve le patronat irlandais. >> >> La règle semble s’appliquer ailleurs puisque, le 11 juin, l’un des >> éditorialistes de *The Economist* signalait que *« les Grecs soucieux de >> réformes voient dans la crise une occasion de remettre le pays sur le bon >> chemin. Ils louent en silence les étrangers qui serrent la vis à leurs élus >> * (2 <http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/HALIMI/20760#nb2>)* ».* Dans >> le même numéro de l’hebdomadaire libéral, on pouvait aussi découvrir une >> analyse du plan d’austérité que l’UE et le FMI infligent au Portugal. *« Les >> hommes d’affaires jugent de façon catégorique qu’il ne faut pas s’en >> écarter. Pedro Ferraz da Costa, qui dirige un* think tank *patronal, >> estime qu’aucun parti portugais n’aurait proposé au cours des trente >> dernières années un programme de réformes aussi radical. Il ajoute que le >> Portugal ne doit pas laisser passer une telle occasion* (3<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/HALIMI/20760#nb3> >> ).* »* Vive la crise, en somme. >> les « analphabètes » économiques paient, imaginant qu’il s’agit d’un >> tribut dû au destin >> >> Trente ans, c’est à peu près l’âge de la démocratie portugaise, avec ses >> jeunes capitaines que le peuple couvrait d’œillets pour les remercier >> d’avoir renversé une dictature, mis fin aux guerres coloniales en Afrique, >> promis une réforme agraire, des campagnes d’alphabétisation, le pouvoir >> ouvrier dans les usines. Là, en revanche, avec la réduction du revenu >> minimum d’insertion et du montant des allocations-chômage, les « réformes » >> libérales des retraites, de la santé et de l’éducation, les privatisations >> massives *(lire « Le mouvement des immobiles<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/ROUSSEAU/20762> >> »),* c’est le grand bond en arrière, Noël en été pour le capital. Et le >> sapin va continuer de ployer sous le poids des cadeaux puisque le nouveau >> premier ministre Pedro Passos Coelho a promis d’aller au-delà de ce que lui >> imposent l’UE et le FMI. Il veut en effet *« surprendre »* les >> investisseurs. >> >> *« Qu’ils en soient conscients ou non*, analyse l’économiste américain >> Paul Krugman, *les dirigeants politiques servent presque exclusivement >> les intérêts des rentiers — ceux qui tirent énormément de revenus de leur >> fortune, qui ont prêté beaucoup d’argent dans le passé, souvent de manière >> étourdie, et qu’on protège à présent contre une perte en reportant celle-ci >> sur tous les autres. »* Krugman estime que les préférences de ces >> détenteurs de capitaux s’imposent d’autant plus naturellement qu’*« ils >> versent des sommes importantes lors des campagnes électorales et ont accès >> aux décideurs politiques qui, sitôt qu’ils n’exerceront plus de >> responsabilité publique, viendront souvent travailler pour eux* (4<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/HALIMI/20760#nb4> >> )* ».* Lors de la discussion européenne relative au renflouement >> financier de la Grèce, la ministre autrichienne des finances Maria Fekter >> estima d’abord que *« vous ne pouvez pas laisser les banques réaliser des >> profits pendant que les contribuables essuient les pertes* (5<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/HALIMI/20760#nb5> >> )* ».* Touchante naïveté, mais passagère : après avoir hésité pendant >> quarante-huit heures, l’Europe a laissé les « intérêts des rentiers » >> s’imposer sur toute la ligne. >> >> En apparence, la crise de la dette souveraine découle de mécanismes >> « complexes » dont la compréhension exige de pouvoir jongler avec les >> innovations permanentes de l’ingénierie financière : produits dérivés, >> primes de défaillance (les fameux CDS ou *credit default swaps*), etc. >> Cette sophistication étourdit l’analyse, ou plutôt la réserve au petit >> cénacle des « comprenants », qui sont généralement les profiteurs. Eux >> encaissent en connaissance de cause, pendant que les « analphabètes » >> économiques paient, imaginant peut-être qu’il s’agit d’un tribut dû au >> destin. Ou à une modernité qui les dépasse, ce qui revient au même. Essayons >> donc plutôt la simplicité, c’est-à-dire la politique. >> >> Autrefois, les monarques européens obtenaient des prêts des doges de >> Venise, des marchands florentins, des banquiers génois. Nul ne pouvait les >> contraindre à rembourser ; parfois ils s’en dispensaient, ce qui réglait le >> problème de la dette publique… Beaucoup plus tard, le jeune pouvoir >> soviétique fit savoir qu’il ne s’estimait pas comptable des sommes >> empruntées et dilapidées par les tsars : des générations d’épargnants >> français se retrouvèrent alors avec des emprunts russes sans valeur dans >> leur grenier. >> >> Mais d’autres moyens, plus subtils, permettaient de desserrer le garrot de >> la créance (6 <http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/HALIMI/20760#nb6>). >> Ainsi, la dette publique britannique passa entre 1945 et 1955 de 216 % à >> 138 % du produit intérieur brut (PIB) ; celle des Etats-Unis, de 116 % à >> 66 %. Sans plan d’austérité, au contraire. Bien sûr, le développement >> économique impétueux de l’après-guerre résorba automatiquement la part de la >> dette dans la richesse nationale. Mais ce ne fut pas tout. Car les Etats >> remboursaient alors une valeur nominale qui s’amenuisait chaque année du >> niveau de l’inflation. Quand un prêt souscrit avec un intérêt annuel de 5 % >> est remboursé avec une monnaie qui fond tous les ans de 10 %, ce qu’on >> appelle le « taux d’intérêt réel » devient négatif — et c’est le débiteur >> qui gagne. Justement, de 1945 à 1980, le taux d’intérêt réel fut négatif >> presque chaque année dans la plupart des pays occidentaux. Résultat, *« les >> épargnants déposaient leur argent dans des banques qui prêtaient aux Etats à >> des taux inférieurs à celui de l’inflation* (7<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/HALIMI/20760#nb7> >> )* ».* La dette publique se dégonflait alors sans grand effort : aux >> Etats-Unis, des taux d’intérêt réels négatifs rapportèrent au Trésor >> américain un montant égal à 6,3 % du PIB par an pendant toute la décennie >> 1945-1955 (8 <http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/HALIMI/20760#nb8> >> ). >> >> Pourquoi les « épargnants » acceptaient-ils d’être grugés ? C’est qu’ils >> n’avaient guère le choix. En raison du contrôle des capitaux, de la >> nationalisation des banques aussi, ils ne pouvaient faire autrement que de >> prêter à l’Etat, lequel se finançait ainsi (9<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/HALIMI/20760#nb9>). >> Impossible alors pour de riches particuliers d’acheter des placements >> spéculatifs brésiliens indexés sur l’évolution des prix du soja dans les >> trois années à venir... Restaient la fuite des capitaux, les valises de >> lingots d’or quittant la France pour la Suisse à la veille d’une dévaluation >> ou d’une échéance électorale que la gauche risquait de remporter. Mais les >> fraudeurs pouvaient se retrouver en prison. >> >> Avec les années 1980, le décor est bouleversé. Les revalorisations de >> salaires au rythme de l’inflation (échelle mobile) protégeaient la plupart >> des travailleurs des conséquences de cette dernière, pendant que l’absence >> de liberté des mouvements de capitaux obligeait les investisseurs à endurer >> des taux d’intérêt réels négatifs. Désormais, ce sera le contraire. >> Le peuple a compris qu’il ne serait jamais assez pauvre pour que le >> système le prenne en pitié >> >> L’échelle mobile des salaires disparaît presque partout — en France, >> l’économiste Alain Cotta nommera cette décision majeure, prise en 1982, le >> *« don Delors »* (au patronat). Par ailleurs, entre 1981 et 2007, l’hydre >> de l’inflation est terrassée et les taux d’intérêt réels deviennent presque >> toujours positifs. Profitant de la libéralisation des mouvements de >> capitaux, les « épargnants » (précisons qu’il ne s’agit ici ni de la >> retraitée de Lisbonne disposant d’un compte à la poste, ni de l’employé de >> Salonique…) mettent les Etats en concurrence et, selon l’expression fameuse >> de François Mitterrand, *« gagnent de l’argent en dormant ».* Prime de >> risque sans prise de risque ! Est-il vraiment utile de souligner que passer >> de l’échelle mobile des salaires avec des taux d’intérêt réels négatifs à >> une baisse accélérée du pouvoir d’achat avec une rémunération du capital qui >> s’envole entraîne un renversement total de la donne sociale ? >> >> Apparemment cela ne suffit plus. Aux mécanismes qui favorisent le capital >> au détriment du travail, la « troïka » (Commission européenne, Banque >> centrale européenne [BCE], FMI) a choisi d’ajouter la contrainte, le >> chantage, l’ultimatum. Des Etats exsangues d’avoir trop généreusement >> secouru les banques implorent un prêt pour boucler leurs fins de mois ; elle >> leur enjoint de choisir entre la purge libérale et la faillite. Toute une >> partie de l’Europe, qui hier déboulonnait les dictatures d’António de >> Oliveira Salazar, de Francisco Franco, des colonels grecs, se retrouve ainsi >> ravalée au rang de protectorat administré par Bruxelles, Francfort et >> Washington. Mission principale : protéger la finance. >> >> Les gouvernements de ces Etats demeurent, mais uniquement pour surveiller >> la bonne exécution des ordres et recevoir les éventuels crachats de leur >> peuple, qui a compris qu’il ne serait jamais assez pauvre pour que le >> système ait pitié de lui. *« La plupart des Grecs,*relève *Le Figaro, >> comparent la tutelle budgétaire internationale à une nouvelle dictature, >> après celle des colonels, que le pays traversa de 1967 à 1974* (10<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/HALIMI/20760#nb10> >> ).* »* Comment imaginer que l’idée européenne sortira grandie de se >> trouver ainsi associée à une camisole de force, à un huissier étranger qui >> s’empare de vos îles, de vos plages, de vos Haras nationaux, de vos services >> publics pour les revendre au privé ? Depuis 1919 et le traité de Versailles, >> qui ignore ce qu’un tel sentiment d’humiliation populaire peut déchaîner de >> nationalisme destructeur ? >> >> D’autant que les provocations se multiplient. Le prochain gouverneur de la >> BCE, M. Mario Draghi, qui comme son prédécesseur dispensera des consignes de >> « rigueur » à Athènes, était vice-président de Goldman Sachs au moment où >> cette banque d’affaires aidait la droite grecque à maquiller les comptes >> publics (11 <http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/HALIMI/20760#nb11>). >> Le FMI, qui a aussi un avis sur la Constitution française, demande à Paris >> d’y introduire une*« règle d’équilibre des finances publiques »* ; >> M. Nicolas Sarkozy s’y emploie. >> >> De son côté, la France fait savoir qu’elle aimerait qu’à l’instar de leurs >> homologues portugais les partis grecs *« s’unissent et forment une >> alliance »* ; le premier ministre François Fillon comme M. José Barroso, >> président de la Commission européenne, ont d’ailleurs tenté d’en convaincre >> le dirigeant de la droite grecque, M. Antonis Samaras. Enfin M. Jean-Claude >> Trichet, président de la BCE, imagine déjà que*« les autorités >> européennes aient un droit de veto sur certaines décisions de politique >> économique nationale* (12<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/HALIMI/20760#nb12> >> )* ».* >> >> Le Honduras a créé des zones franches où la souveraineté de l’Etat ne >> s’applique pas (13<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/HALIMI/20760#nb13>). >> L’Europe institue à présent des « sujets francs » (économie, social) à >> propos desquels le débat entre partis politiques s’évanouit, puisqu’il >> s’agit de domaines de souveraineté limitée ou nulle. La discussion se >> concentre alors sur les « thèmes de société » : burqa, légalisation du >> cannabis, radars sur les autoroutes, polémique du jour à propos de la phrase >> malencontreuse, du geste impatient, du juron d’un homme politique étourdi ou >> d’un artiste qui a trop bu. Ce tableau d’ensemble confirme une tendance déjà >> perceptible depuis deux décennies : la délocalisation du pouvoir politique >> réel vers des lieux d’apesanteur démocratique. Jusqu’au jour où >> l’indignation éclate. Nous y sommes. >> Réclamer l’« impossible » quand, en ricanant, les libéraux parachèvent >> l’insupportable >> >> Mais l’indignation est désarmée sans connaissance des mécanismes qui l’ont >> déclenchée et sans relais politiques. Les solutions — tourner le dos aux >> politiques monétaristes et déflationnistes qui aggravent la « crise », >> annuler tout ou partie de la dette, saisir les banques, dompter la finance, >> démondialiser, récupérer les centaines de milliards d’euros que l’Etat a >> perdus sous forme de baisses d’impôts privilégiant les riches (70 milliards >> rien qu’en France depuis dix ans) — sont connues. Et des gens dont la >> maîtrise de l’économie n’a rien à envier à celle de M. Trichet, mais qui ne >> servent pas les mêmes intérêts que lui, les ont détaillées (14<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/HALIMI/20760#nb14> >> ). >> >> Il s’agit donc moins que jamais d’un débat « technique » et financier, et >> bien plutôt d’un combat politique et social. Assurément, les libéraux >> ricaneront que les progressistes réclament l’impossible. Mais que font-ils >> d’autre, eux, que parachever l’insupportable ? Le temps est donc peut-être à >> nouveau venu de se remémorer l’exhortation que Jean-Paul Sartre prêtait à >> Paul Nizan : *« Ne rougissez pas de vouloir la lune : il nous la faut* ( >> 15 <http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/HALIMI/20760#nb15>).* »* >> Serge Halimi. >> >> Banque <http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/sujet/banque>, Capitalisme<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/sujet/capitalisme> >> , Dette <http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/sujet/dette>,Économie<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/sujet/economie> >> , Finance <http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/sujet/finance>, >> Fiscalité <http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/sujet/fiscalite>, >> Inégalités <http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/sujet/inegalites>, Protection >> sociale <http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/sujet/protectionsociale>, >> Spéculation <http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/sujet/speculation>, Crise >> économique <http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/sujet/criseeconomique> >> ,Crise financière<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/sujet/crisefinanciere> >> , Néolibéralisme<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/sujet/neoliberalisme> >> ,Europe <http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/pays/europe>, France<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/pays/france> >> , Grèce <http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/pays/grece>, République >> d’Irlande <http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/pays/irlande>, Portugal<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/pays/portugal> >> Dossier « Vent de fronde en Europe » >> >> - L’Equateur dit « non »<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/MILLET/20755> >> , par Damien Millet et Eric Toussaint >> - Les « indignés » de Syntagma<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/KOUTSIS/20756> >> , par Athanase Koutsis >> - Faut-il payer la dette ?<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/MILLET/20796> >> , par Damien Millet et Eric Toussaint >> - Vent de fronde en Europe<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/A/20800> >> - Alchimistes de la Puerta del Sol<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/GUILLEN/20797> >> , par Raúl Guillén >> - Cap sur l’austérité<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/A/20798> >> - Le mouvement des immobiles<http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2011/07/ROUSSEAU/20762> >> , par Max Rousseau >> >> > > > -- > P2P Foundation: http://p2pfoundation.net - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net > > Connect: http://p2pfoundation.ning.com; Discuss: > http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation > > Updates: http://del.icio.us/mbauwens; http://friendfeed.com/mbauwens; > http://twitter.com/mbauwens; http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens > > > > > >

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Re: [P2P-F] Mazower on Greece
by Michel Bauwens 04 Jul '11

04 Jul '11

thanks George! On Mon, Jul 4, 2011 at 6:41 PM, George Papanikolaou <georgepapani(a)gmail.com>wrote: > http://www.nytimes.com/2011/**06/30/opinion/30mazower.html?_**r=1<http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/30/opinion/30mazower.html?_r=1> > -- P2P Foundation: http://p2pfoundation.net - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net Connect: http://p2pfoundation.ning.com; Discuss: http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation Updates: http://del.icio.us/mbauwens; http://friendfeed.com/mbauwens; http://twitter.com/mbauwens; http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens

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Re: [P2P-F] video 4min : "j ai vomi dans mes cornflakes" - about life perspectives
by Michel Bauwens 04 Jul '11

04 Jul '11

really beautiful short film about 'neoliberal' life, in French, Michel On Sun, Jul 3, 2011 at 11:02 PM, Dante-Gabryell Monson < dante.monson(a)gmail.com> wrote: > > http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x17r1_j-ai-vomi-dans-mes-cornflakes_creati… -- P2P Foundation: http://p2pfoundation.net - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net Connect: http://p2pfoundation.ning.com; Discuss: http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation Updates: http://del.icio.us/mbauwens; http://friendfeed.com/mbauwens; http://twitter.com/mbauwens; http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens

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Fwd: a libre prezi alternative
by Michel Bauwens 04 Jul '11

04 Jul '11

looks interesting, I wonder if anyone could experiment with this free software version prezi-like presentation tool? ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: stef <stefan.marsiske(a)gmail.com> Date: Sun, Jul 3, 2011 at 5:18 AM Subject: a libre prezi alternative To: Michel Bauwens <michelsub2004(a)gmail.com> http://sozi.baierouge.fr/wiki/en:welcome -- gpg: https://www.ctrlc.hu/~stef/stef.gpg gpg fp: F617 AC77 6E86 5830 08B8 BB96 E7A4 C6CF A84A 7140 -- P2P Foundation: http://p2pfoundation.net - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net Connect: http://p2pfoundation.ning.com; Discuss: http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation Updates: http://del.icio.us/mbauwens; http://friendfeed.com/mbauwens; http://twitter.com/mbauwens; http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens

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Plato's Ideal City vs. Open Source / P2P Urbanism
by Geo Scripcariu 04 Jul '11

04 Jul '11

Hi All, Has Plato's Ideal City anything to do with Open Source / P2P Urbanism? How about most notable differences? Best, Geo -- Geo Scripcariu Mobil: +40745-09.61.91 Direct: +4031-401.29.42 Tel/Fax: +4021-410.54.15 E-mail: geo.scripcariu(a)gmail.com Str.Sabinelor 123 Bl. 119 Suite 16 Bucuresti-5 050854 Romania

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