December 2017 - P2P-Foundation - lists.ourproject.org

Fw: Fw: Info
by Natalie Golovin 10 Mar '26

10 Mar '26

Mark: You and your compatriots on P2P view the world from revisionism. Go ahead and keep looking through your microscope-provided by your "teachers." Or take the time and read some very old documented evidence available at a library near you= but you may need to stay there awhile on microfiche. -----Original Message----- From: Mark Janssen Sent: Sunday, October 23, 2011 4:39 PM To: P2P Foundation mailing list Subject: Re: [P2P-F] Fw: Info On Sun, Oct 23, 2011 at 10:32 AM, Natalie Golovin <10natalie(a)cox.net> wrote: > The European Tribes treated the Natives no worse than they treated each > other. Whoa. You should really stop talking. You have NO idea what you're talking about. How about forced acculturation, not allowing them to speak their own language (which hold the record of their own history), confined them under threat of violent force into reservations, among other things. But, really, that's probably not even the worst of it -- the worst of it is that for reasons they couldn't ever understand is why you were doing all of these cruel things when they were willing to share it it all with you. Why, when they handed out their hand to be friends, you chopped it off. Remember, they're the ones who gave us Thanksgiving which is still "celebrated" in this nation today. Read the reports made of making first contact with the Native peoples here. You really should read up before propagating the attitudes of conquest. Sorry.... marcos _______________________________________________ P2P Foundation - Mailing list http://www.p2pfoundation.net https://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation

3 4

Fwd: Santa's Gift - A movie that inspires!
by Michel Bauwens 27 Dec '17

27 Dec '17

https://www.theworldismycountry.com/trailer ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Hazel Henderson <hazel.henderson(a)ethicalmarkets.com> Date: Mon, Dec 25, 2017 at 11:58 PM Subject: RE: Santa's Gift - A movie that inspires! *Santa's Gift * *A movie that inspires! * *For our friends and supporters - watch* *"The World is My Country"* *Film Festival Screener* * until December 31st, 2017* *FREE!* <https://FutureWAVE.us9.list-manage.com/track/click?u=53ea2e0fe3975cdbe70529…> View Santa's invitation to see the movie! "The World is My Country" has not yet been released to the public - it's just being shown at film festivals -- where it's attracting sold out theaters and standing ovations! To watch the film festival screener: Click here <https://FutureWAVE.us9.list-manage.com/track/click?u=53ea2e0fe3975cdbe70529…> -- agree not to copy or upload the movie and enter the Secret Code: SANTA2017 The code expires December 31st - so start watching as soon as possible -- so if you like you can share the code with friends while there's still time. *The Story:* *A Broadway actor, desperate to stop a war, pulls off an act of political comedy so gutsy and eye-opening that it sparks a huge movement -- drawing Albert Einstein, Eleanor Roosevelt, Albert Camus and a cast of thousands into a story that Martin Sheen calls "a roadmap to a better future."* *WARNING: WATCHING THIS MAY CAUSE YOU TO THINK* *YOU CAN CHANGE THE WORLD.* Sponsor a Film Festival in your area! The World is My Country film | Trailer <https://FutureWAVE.us9.list-manage.com/track/click?u=53ea2e0fe3975cdbe70529…> Martin Sheen says "We can build a world that is constructive to all and destructive to none!" *Copyright © 2017 Arthur Kanegis - FutureWAVE, Inc, All rights reserved.* You are receiving this email because you have been in contact with Arthur Kanegis in the past. *Our mailing address is:* Arthur Kanegis - FutureWAVE, Inc 4492 Camino de la Plaza <https://maps.google.com/?q=4492+Camino+de+la+Plaza%0D+%0D+%0D+Suite+564%0D+…> Suite 564 <https://maps.google.com/?q=4492+Camino+de+la+Plaza%0D+%0D+%0D+Suite+564%0D+…> San Diego <https://maps.google.com/?q=4492+Camino+de+la+Plaza%0D+%0D+%0D+Suite+564%0D+…>, CA <https://maps.google.com/?q=4492+Camino+de+la+Plaza%0D+%0D+%0D+Suite+564%0D+…> 92173 <https://maps.google.com/?q=4492+Camino+de+la+Plaza%0D+%0D+%0D+Suite+564%0D+…> Add us to your address book Want to change how you receive these emails? You can update your preferences <https://FutureWAVE.us9.list-manage.com/profile?u=53ea2e0fe3975cdbe7052952f&…> or unsubscribe from this list <https://FutureWAVE.us9.list-manage.com/unsubscribe?u=53ea2e0fe3975cdbe70529…>. [image: Email Marketing Powered by MailChimp] <http://www.mailchimp.com/monkey-rewards/?utm_source=freemium_newsletter&utm…> -- Check out the Commons Transition Plan here at: http://commonstransition.org P2P Foundation: http://p2pfoundation.net - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net <http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation>Updates: http://twitter.com/mbauwens; http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens #82 on the (En)Rich list: http://enrichlist.org/the-complete-list/

1 0

Fwd: FYI - Dutch scientists put together a mathematical analysis of inequality in society ¦ PNAS
by Michel Bauwens 25 Dec '17

25 Dec '17

---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Nurul E <ne_atl(a)onebox.com> Date: Sun, Dec 17, 2017 at 7:21 PM Subject: FYI - Dutch scientists put together a mathematical analysis of inequality in society ¦ PNAS To: Hi & FYI, if not already seen: A group of Dutch scientists have put together a mathematical analysis of inequality. "Inequality is one of the main drivers of social tension. We show striking similarities between patterns of inequality between species abundances in nature and wealth in society. We demonstrate that in the absence of equalizing forces, such large inequality will arise from chance alone. While natural enemies have an equalizing effect in nature, inequality in societies can be suppressed by wealth-equalizing institutions. However, over the past millennium, such institutions have been weakened during periods of societal upscaling. Our analysis suggests that due to the very same mathematical principle that rules natural communities (indeed, a 'law of nature' ) extreme wealth inequality is inevitable in a globalizing world unless effective wealth-equalizing institutions are installed on a global scale" Abstract http://m.pnas.org/content/114/50/13154.abstract Full Text, from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences http://m.pnas.org/content/114/50/13154.full Regards, - Nurul -- Check out the Commons Transition Plan here at: http://commonstransition.org P2P Foundation: http://p2pfoundation.net - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net <http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation>Updates: http://twitter.com/mbauwens; http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens #82 on the (En)Rich list: http://enrichlist.org/the-complete-list/

1 0

Fwd: Open design & manufacturing in the platform economy - EASST18
by Michel Bauwens 24 Dec '17

24 Dec '17

---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Tabarés Gutiérrez, Raúl <raul.tabares(a)tecnalia.com> Date: Mon, Dec 18, 2017 at 10:06 PM Subject: Open design & manufacturing in the platform economy - EASST18 Dear all, In liaison with Vasilis from the P2P Foundation and Massimo from FabLab Barcelona we are organizing a panel about "Open design & manufacturing in the platform economy" at next EASST18 conference that will be held in Lancaster. The event will be held from 25-28 of July and will bring together a lot of STS and SSH scholars. The call will be open till the 14th of February of 2018. A description of the panel is included below. Feel free to contact us in case of any doubt. Papers can be submitted here->https://nomadit.co.uk/ easst/easst2018/conferencesuite.php/panels/6189 Have a Merry Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year! *- Open design & manufacturing in the platform economy -* *Short abstract* Open design and manufacturing paradigms have been recently embraced for promoting technological appropriation as well as enablers for transforming traditional fabrication. In this panel we explore the role that these concepts can have in a post-industrial society. *Long abstract* With the popularization of the Web 2.0 paradigm, digital platforms have become cultural intermediaries in a growing technology mediation environment that has been framed by various scholars as "platform economy". This recent phenomenon has favored the establishment of different "black box" systems that impede us from discovering the inner workings of these new socio-technological brokers. Different self-organized communities and grassroots initiatives have simultaneously appeared thanks to the Internet and the emergence of new makerspaces that have a subset of digital fabrication tools. These groups promote citizen empowerment through technological appropriation and rely on digital commons such as open designs, software and knowledge. In this sense, especially relevant has been the emergence of new discourses aligned with these non-proprietary technologies like open design and manufacturing, which are conceived to promote a radical change in the fabrication towards a more sustainable relationship between production processes and goods. How can digital platforms be designed in order to facilitate encounters between people, things and environments within open design & manufacturing? How can we understand the impact of such digital platforms on society? In this panel we would like to invite authors to analyze the emergence of these phenomena and critically examine the opportunities, contradictions, challenges and tensions that this combination of new tools and mindsets bring for technological appropriation in a post-industrial society. We welcome submissions that can explore alternative paths for R&D systems and innovation policies but also for reconfiguring design and production processes. *All the best,* *Dr. Raúl Tabarés* *TECNALIA ICT* Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Edificio 700. E-48160 Derio (Bizkaia) (SPAIN) Tel. 667 178 957 Int. +34 946 430 850 Fax 901 706 009 Int. +34 946 460 900 raul.tabares(a)tecnalia.com - http://www.tecnalia.com *My last posts & papers: * http://blogs.tecnalia.com/inspiring-blog/author/raultabares http://ssociologos.com/columnistas/raul-tabares/ http://www.researchgate.net/profile/raul_tabares_gutierrez <http://ssociologos.com/columnistas/raul-tabares/> *Linkedin**: *http://es.linkedin.com/in/rtabares *Twitter: *@faraondemetal *Skype:* faraondemetal [image: cid:[email protected]] [image: innosi] <http://innosi.eu/> [image: cid:[email protected]] <http://ec.europa.eu/programmes/erasmus-plus/projects/eplus-project-details-…>[image: openmaker] <http://openmaker.eu/> -- Check out the Commons Transition Plan here at: http://commonstransition.org P2P Foundation: http://p2pfoundation.net - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net <http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation>Updates: http://twitter.com/mbauwens; http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens #82 on the (En)Rich list: http://enrichlist.org/the-complete-list/

1 0

Fwd: Outlier Ventures Daily Brief - Issue #40
by Michel Bauwens 23 Dec '17

23 Dec '17

---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Outlier Ventures Research <outlier-ventures(a)getrevue.co> Date: Fri, Dec 22, 2017 at 5:57 PM Subject: Outlier Ventures Daily Brief - Issue #40 To: michelsub2004(a)p2p-f.com Holidays are finally here! We hope the dip in token prices hasn't dampened your spirits. Perhaps, eve [image: Revue] <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPc-2FuqPqP35JZb0QzC-…> [image: Outlier Ventures Daily Brief] <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPc-2FuqPqP35JZb0QzC-…> Outlier Ventures Daily Brief <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPc-2FuqPqP35JZb0QzC-…> December 22 · Issue #40 · View online <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=HbcPq3lf-2BfMXSmFZgMuO-2B4szOPzuqsh-2B3l…> Daily updates from the Blockchain, Token and Convergence ecosystem ------------------------------ Holidays are finally here! We hope the dip in token prices hasn’t dampened your spirits. Perhaps, even markets need a break from the constant uptick and excitement. Time to log-off and spend time with the dear ones. Today’s issue covers Belarus embracing cryptocurrency, Goldman Sachs launching a trading desk, interesting events from AI in 2017 and a compilation of articles from the token economy. ------------------------------ <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPdanwMv3YtTCG1jwpa5K…> Belarus adopts crypto-currency law to woo foreign investors <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPdanwMv3YtTCG1jwpa5K…> www.reuters.com <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=jPmo0XKBcfKLwCKWgtOgsW8Pn9-2FHRs231BE-2B…> – Share <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=jPmo0XKBcfKLwCKWgtOgsW8Pn9-2FHRs231BE-2B…> President Alexander Lukashenko of Belarus signed a decree on Thursday making it legal to transact in cryptocurrencies. The local government aspires to attract foreign investments and foster private sector growth through creating clearer regulations focused on the token economy. The change in law makes it legal to hold initial coin offerings within the region and tax-free trades of cryptocurrencies. The government also permits companies to be set up by English laws to attract foreign investments. Lukashenko said in a statement “Belarus will become the first government in the world that opens wide opportunities for the use of blockchain technology. We have every chance of becoming a regional center in this area.“ Belarus is an example of the internet and blockchains breathing fresh air into what may have seemed like a stagnant economy. Major companies from the region include phone messaging app Viber and NYSE listed offshore programming company EPAM Systems Inc. As connectivity and trust are enforced by rising adoption of the internet and blockchains, we will see global economies intertwine closer in a new era of globalisation. Other nations that have been laying heavy emphasis on creating an environment that embraces blockchain include UAE, Singapore and Switzerland. <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPftVLnTjaEsoolX04LMm…>Goldman Sachs launching trading desk for bitcoin, report says <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPftVLnTjaEsoolX04LMm…> www.cnbc.com <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=jPmo0XKBcfKLwCKWgtOgsV51RXAbmgzKW576GzaX…> – Share <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=jPmo0XKBcfKLwCKWgtOgsV51RXAbmgzKW576GzaX…> Goldman Sachs has joined the league of mainstream Wall Street firms offering financial products focused on the token economy. Following the footsteps of Cboe and CME exchanges providing futures, the firm intends to set up a trading desk to market-make in the token economy by as early as June. It is claimed that the firm is setting together a team in New York to define their Bitcoin strategy. As the naysayers reduce in number it is interesting to see which direction the market takes next. With high volatility levels, and a market-wide dip even occurring earlier today, it will be interesting to see how institutional-sized trading desks might impact volatility in crypto markets. Although futures were anticipated to bring in institutional players and contributed to the recent price hikes, nothing much has come of it just yet. Bitcoin enthusiasts now look forward to offerings for an ETF. Regardless of the outcome, the entrance of institutional players is an important change in the environment, and with their trading desks will come further liquidity and legitimacy. All the amazing things that happened in AI in 2017 <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=HbcPq3lf-2BfMXSmFZgMuO-2ByBxF5Af0fW7WevA…> www.wired.co.uk <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=jPmo0XKBcfKLwCKWgtOgsVil9xw3Jwhjn7UoILeX…> – Share <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=jPmo0XKBcfKLwCKWgtOgsVil9xw3Jwhjn7UoILeX…> As 2017 comes to an end, it is worthwhile to look at all the interesting occurrences in the world of AI. To begin with, its the year we received the first robot with a nationality when Sophia was granted citizenship in Saudi Arabia. <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=C-2BdkSV8RxBALcswsgauu6FxUlTVvzbkdRRB9vM…> She was even on Jimmy Fallon discussing her desires <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPYnrSmvdVGEFS4x6teT9…> to start a family. However, all emphasis has not solely been on interesting humanoids. There has been substantial work towards removing biases involved in algorithms. In April of this year, researchers at Princeton University revealed an algorithm named GLoVe to show how AI tends to replicate stereotypes in human languages. <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=HbcPq3lf-2BfMXSmFZgMuO-2ByBxF5Af0fW7WevA…>As fake news began interfering with elections and public perception, start-ups came to the rescue. Factmata, <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=HbcPq3lf-2BfMXSmFZgMuO-2ByBxF5Af0fW7WevA…> launched a google chrome extension in June’s UK election day to help fact-check statistics on employment and immigration. We also witnessed AI beginning to be more creative and releasing its own music <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=HbcPq3lf-2BfMXSmFZgMuO-2ByBxF5Af0fW7WevA…> and even working alongside JK Rowling <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=QDgyv-2BMwi7PHBezGhPQu-2BB-2BC5mnH3ftnOo…> on a new chapter for Harry Potter. Although fears of artificial intelligence taking over human jobs have been on the rise, it is anticipated that the booming sector will create over 2.3 million <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPeuCdhj1TK-2BaRFyYj6…> jobs in the near future. Long story short, 2017 - was the year where the retail applications of AI became far more evident. Between Alexa, Siri and chatbots, an increasing number of average consumers were able to interact directly with artificially intelligent agents. Let’s see what 2018 holds as blockchains begin contributing to the growth of AI. Exciting times indeed! <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPXQIbsepitR2Gy8V7CDS…>67 Blockchain Articles & Whitepapers that Shaped Crypto into What it is Today <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPXQIbsepitR2Gy8V7CDS…> medium.com <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=jPmo0XKBcfKLwCKWgtOgsUxcQq-2FFtDvTfJKATl…> – Share <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=jPmo0XKBcfKLwCKWgtOgsUxcQq-2FFtDvTfJKATl…> So this is it. Last story of the year. We will miss keeping you updated and posted on everything going on in the token economy over the coming week. On a parting note, we leave you with a compilation of some of the finest writings in the token economy. Ranging from the Fat Protocols hypothesis from Union Square Ventures <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=HbcPq3lf-2BfMXSmFZgMuO-2BxP2EKWykJZJC39b…> <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=HbcPq3lf-2BfMXSmFZgMuO-2BxP2EKWykJZJC39b…>to Essays on Bitcoin <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPXra8uqIXSYIOHB6ongv…> by Alex Kroeger, the compilation is an interesting peek into how diverse the token economy is. It is a single, go-to source for anyone looking at unwinding over the holidays and catching up on thought leadership, away from all the noise around price action. In case you are looking for something basic, there’s also an emoji based explainer of Bitcoin <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPay1D2P9AxtxtpfIchB2…> on the list. Make sure you share it with curious family members that constantly seek to understand Bitcoin from you. The list is a strong mix of whitepapers, articles & analyses for anyone intrigued in the token economy. Make sure you bookmark it and run through it as you find the time. Read the entire list here. <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPXQIbsepitR2Gy8V7CDS…> *We end the year today on our 40th issue. It has been exciting keeping you updated about the token economy and hearing back on what we can improve. We will be off for the next 7 days. Catch you in the new year with more exciting news and occurrences from the token economy. Merry holidays and a happy new year :) * Did you enjoy this issue? [image: Thumbs up 1ae5a7bdfcd3220e2b376aa0c1607bc5edaba758e5dd83b482d03965219a220b] <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=HbcPq3lf-2BfMXSmFZgMuO-2B4szOPzuqsh-2B3l…> [image: Thumbs down e13779fa29e2935b47488fb8f82977fedcf689a0cc0cc3c19fa3c6bb14d1493b] <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=HbcPq3lf-2BfMXSmFZgMuO-2B4szOPzuqsh-2B3l…> <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPdkyxJpGMGv1DbycmSux…> <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=HbcPq3lf-2BfMXSmFZgMuO-2B4t-2FNJ0RtPHgyh…> Carefully curated by Outlier Ventures Research with Revue <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPc-2FuqPqP35JZb0QzC-…> . If you were forwarded this newsletter and you like it, you can subscribe here <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=Cxddp8diHLcW45D85hCuPc-2FuqPqP35JZb0QzC-…>. If you don't want these updates anymore, please unsubscribe here <http://em.getrevue.co/wf/click?upn=HbcPq3lf-2BfMXSmFZgMuO-2B4szOPzuqsh-2B3l…>. Outlier Ventures Operations Ltd ,3 Churchgates <https://maps.google.com/?q=3+Churchgates&entry=gmail&source=g> , The Wilderness , Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire HP4 2UB , United Kingdom -- P2P Foundation: http://p2pfoundation.net - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net Connect: http://p2pfoundation.ning.com; Discuss: http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation Updates: http://del.icio.us/mbauwens; http://friendfeed.com/mbauwens; http://twitter.com/mbauwens; http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens

1 0

Fwd: Modesty , Equality and Sharing as Insurance in ( Nomadic ) Communities ? - ‘Egalitarianism Among Hunters and Gatherers’
by Michel Bauwens 22 Dec '17

22 Dec '17

---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Dante-Gabryell Monson <dante.monson(a)gmail.com> Date: Fri, Dec 22, 2017 at 11:24 AM Subject: Modesty , Equality and Sharing as Insurance in ( Nomadic ) Communities ? - ‘Egalitarianism Among Hunters and Gatherers’ To: econowmix(a)googlegroups.com, op-n-m(a)googlegroups.com ‘Egalitarianism Among Hunters and Gatherers’ - Elizabeth A. Cashdan “The theories and discussions on the causes of stratification, while egalitarianism has largely been considered to be simply the baseline upon which stratification develops. Material from !Kung ethnographers, however, indicates that the egalitarianism found among most Bushman groups is a phenomenon resulting from stringent constraints, not simply a natural condition that represents the absence of stratification. These constraints arise from high spatial and temporal variability in food supply, together with a paucity of means to buffer this variability. The //Gana Bushmen of the northeastern Kalahari, on the other hand, have ways of buffering environmental variability that are not available to most other Bushman groups, and it appears that these buffers allow a relaxing of the constraints that make strict egalitarianism a necessity. Among the //Gana one sees a greater tolerance for individual accumulation, and greater (although uninstitutionalized) economic and political inequality. The following discussion considers the implications of those environ- mental buffers on the question of egalitarianism, using data collected by the author in 1976 and 1977. Bushman Egalitarianism: One obvious reason for the economic egalitarianism prevalent among hunter-gatherers in general and Bushman groups in particular is that the mobility associated with hunting and gathering hinders the accumulation of property; material goods cannot readily be carried from camp to camp, and without a home base, any substantial accumulation of property is prevented. If that were the sole cause of Bushman egalitarianism, however, an “equality” based on lack of material goods would arise automatically from the conditions of hunting and gathering, and no social sanctions to reinforce sharing and egalitarianism would be needed. Bushman groups, however, are in fact typified by strong and continual socialization against hoarding (i.e., toward economic equality) and against displays of arrogance and authority (i.e., toward social and political equality). This has been discussed most fully for the !Kung; Lee (1969) has eloquently described how his at- tempts to provide a large ox for a Christmas feast were met with scorn by the !Kung recipients, the scorn succeeding as a mechanism that prevents any tendency on the part of a good hunter or provider to become arrogant and think of himself as a “big man.” The proper behavior of a !Kung hunter who has made a big kill is to speak of it in passing and in a deprecating manner (Lee 1969; Draper 1978); if an individual does not minimize or speak lightly of his own accomplishments, his friends and relatives will not hesitate to do it for him. The social pressure toward economic equality and sharing is equally strong. Both food and material goods are continually shared and circulated (Marshall 1961; Draper 1978; Wiessner 1977), and if a person is not generous, the norms of sharing are “reinforced” by continual badgering and dunning for gifts (Draper 1978). Draper (1978) and Wiessner (1977) argue that the emphasis on sharing and recirculation is a kind of “insurance” against local scarcity and environmental variability among a people who have no other means of buffering the variability. Speaking of the !Kung, Draper says that because their “mobility renders food storage virtually impossible, the !Kung have no insurance against hard times... For the !Kung... the stored surplus is the group and the more distant groups scattered in the bush, with the social and economic insurance which they provide” (1978:40). She argues that “under these circumstances, one would expect to find cultural values... in favor of regular sharing of temporary windfalls” (1978:40). Wiessner (1977) argues similarly that the !Kung have no means of coping with environmental variability other than a strategy of “pooling risk.” In Wiessner’s discussion this takes the form of a “storage of social obligations” through the delayed reciprocity of hxaro exchange, but it applies also to all the mechanisms for economic leveling among the !Kung. Because an individual shares what he has when someone is in need, without regard to the direct equality of balanced reciprocity, such a strategy protects the !Kung from an uncertain but devastating loss by substituting a certain but small loss (Wiessner 1977). Mechanisms for leveling wealth (which include the pervasive socialization against the individual accumulation of property) are therefore a kind of social insurance that protects the lKung from the extreme variability of their Kalahari environment. //Gana Subsistence and Economic Buffers: The relationship between egalitarianism and lack of economic buffers among the !Kung appears to be typical of most Bushman groups, but the //Gana are an interesting exception - an exception that in fact “proves the rule.” The //Gana are a population of about 800 individuals who live in the northern and eastern parts of Botswana’s Central Kalahari Game Reserve. Their territory overlaps with that of the G/wi, to the southwest, but the //Gana described here comprise 209 individuals who live in the northeastern parts of the region. The //Gana, like the G/wi, must cope with an environment characterized by low and extremely variable rainfall, and by an absence of permanent standing water (see Silberbauer 1965, 1972; Tanaka 1969, 1976). Unlike the C/wi, however, the //Gana supplement their basic hunting-and-gathering subsistence strategy with a small amount of food production as a measure of protection against environmental variability that is unavailable to other Bushman groups. Together with beans and some maize, the //Gana cultivate a type of domesticated tsama melon called marotsi, which is valued for its water storage capacity. Because water does not last in the pans of this region for longer than one or two weeks after a heavy rain, cultivation of a naturally storable form of moisture (the marotsi melons) is a buffer against local variability in water and is important also in that it permits the //Gana a degree of sedentism unavailable to the G/wi. Unlike the G/wi, who must move from pan to pan in search of water even during the rainy season, the cultivated marotsi melons provide the //Gana with moisture between showers when the nearby pans become dry and help them to remain virtually sedentary throughout the rainy season. If the crop has been a good one, the marotsi provides additional moisture for a few months into the dry season as well. The resulting sedentism is particularly impor- tant in that it makes it feasible for the //Gana to have a permanent home-base settlement at the field location. The //Gana spend about half the year at wild-melon locations, where they subsist chiefly on game and bush foods, but they use their home base as a storage site throughout the year for both bush foods (in particular dry game meat and dry berries) and cultivated crops (beans, marotsi, and maize). The practice of storing meat is particularly striking in view of its absence in other Bushman groups, where the rules of meat distribution ensure that all meat gets distributed widely and the hunter himself keeps only a small portion of his own kill. Although considerable informal sharing of food occurs among the //Gana, even with agricultural food, there appears to be considerably greater tolerance for accumulation than among other Bushman groups. The home base also enables the //Gana to store items of wealth and the means to obtain wealth, particularly skins and furs, which are collected in quantity and traded outside the Central Reserve. Some of the items purchased in exchange for the skins (drums and other water containers) are further protection against the uncertainties of local rainfall. The wealth that the //Gana have derived from the sale of furs and skin mats has even enabled a few //Gana entrepreneurs to purchase in the last few years a small number of cattle. These animals are kept with relatives outside the Central Reserve because there is insufficient water for cattle within the reserve. Because they are kept outside the region, they have no direct effect on //Gana subsistence, but they have a potential indirect effect since, like the hard cash that purchased them, they can be converted into food by trading them to Bantu farmers outside the reserve. Food production among the //Gana also takes the form of goat husbandry. Goats, unlike cattle, are able to obtain sufficient moisture from wild plants (chiefly moisture-bearing melons and roots), and therefore remain with the //Gana in the Central Reserve throughout the year. The potential significance of goat meat as a buffer in a hunter-gatherer diet is obvious although the actual impact of goat meat on the //Gana diet is difficult to assess. In “normal” years of abundant game the number of goats killed solely for food is extremely small, even in bands with a large number of goats, but goats are also eaten on certain ritual occasions and are eaten when they die of natural causes. During my stay with the //Gana, there was abundant game meat, and goats appeared to be a very minor part of the diet, but it would be reasonable to expect that goats, as a “stored” form of meat on the hoof, would be an important source of meat during years of little game. Lack of Egalitarianism Among the //Gana: Although this summary of //Gana subsistence is brief (further discussion is in Cashdan 1977), it can be seen that agriculture, storage, and husbandry are important buffers that protect the //Gana to some extent from temporal variability in the supply of water, bush foods, and game. It can therefore be expected that the //Gana are somewhat less dependent on the insurance provided by the economic leveling mechanisms typical of other Bushman groups, and therefore a greater tolerance of the accumulation of possessions by individuals and a greater disparity in wealth among both individuals and bands could also be expected. Comparison of animal ownership is particularly revealing as a measure of equality, because, together with the possession of cash, it is probably the best way of storing wealth. The //Gana invest in few possessions other than some basic household effects such as blankets, cups, and pots. The inequality of ownership is illustrated in Figure 1 , which shows ownership of the most expensive items - donkeys, horses, drums, and cattle. Since the people who own a large number of any one of these items are also likely to own a large number of the other items, the inequality in total ownership is considerable. Wealth varies not only from individual to individual but from band to band, as Table I illustrates. The variance in ownership between bands is particularly obvious with respect to goat ownership, with a wealthy band owning about 150 goats (including kids) and a poor band owning only about 20. These figures are based on observations of goats kept in kraals and camps, and the actual range of ownership is probably even greater than these figures suggest, because people with few or no goats care for the goats of wealthier individuals. Evidence for economic inequality among the //Gana can be found also in their comparatively high rate of polygyny. Polygyny is permitted in other Bushman groups but is rare. Among the IKung, fewer than 5% of married men have more than one wife, although within this population the more sedentary IKung tend to be the most polygynous (H. C. Harpending: personal communication). Among the //Gana, on the other hand, approximately 25% of married men have more than one wife; almost 10% of married men had 3 wives (4/41), while 15% (6/41) had two wives. Marriage among the //Gana typically involves a bride-price of goats (in 9 marriages, the mode was 10 goats paid as bride-price), so only a wealthy man can afford to have many wives. Unfortunately, I have no data on political inequality to compare with the data on economic inequality, but, impressionistically, the difference betweeen the //Gana and other Bushman groups is striking. Before my first meeting with the //Gana, I had visited the Dobe area and had seen for myself the self-deprecating manner of the !Kung. I was thus totally unprepared for my first encounter with the //Gana, in which several individuals each claimed to be the “headman” of Molapo (a major //Gana home-base location) and attempted to speak for others, including those in other Molapo bands. As such behavior would indicate, there are no clear-cut positions of authority among the //Gana; it became apparent, however, that there is a fairly general agreement about which individuals have the prestige and authority to speak for the group. Not surprisingly, these prestigious individuals were chiefly middle-aged or older men with three wives and were among the wealthiest of the //Gana. They owned most of the animals and drums, and were the sole owners of certain other scarce and valuable items (e.g., the firearm and the two large steel traps known to be in the region). The exceptions to this association of wealth with political prestige are younger men who have recently begun leaving the Central Reserve for several months at a time in order to do wage work in the Johannesburg mines. Among the //Gana, then, wealth and prestige are associated, and a wealthy person is respected. This contrasts strikingly with other Bushman groups, where there are constraints against the accumulation of property by individuals, and a “wealthy” person who does not recirculate his possessions is subject to disapproval and criticism rather than respect. Conclusion: The inequality that exists among the //Gana has an entrepreneurial “big man” flavor; there are no formal positions of leadership, and the “headmen” have no economic redistributive role, nor any formal political power. Inequality among the //Gana can therefore be explained best not as the development of any formal organization of “ranking” or “stratification,” but, rather, as the inevitable result of the lifting of the constraints that produce strict egalitarianism among other Kalahari hunter-gatherers. These constraints arise from a lack of means to buffer environmental variability, and are a form of social insurance for hunter-gatherers living in unpredictable environments. This view, then, holds that there is nothing “natural” (statistically or socially) about the extreme leveling typical of most Bushman groups and suggests that the type of inequality found among the //Gana can be seen as the inevitable result of economic buffers that make such leveling mechanisms unnecessary.” -- Check out the Commons Transition Plan here at: http://commonstransition.org P2P Foundation: http://p2pfoundation.net - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net <http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation>Updates: http://twitter.com/mbauwens; http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens #82 on the (En)Rich list: http://enrichlist.org/the-complete-list/

1 0

Fwd: December issue of the TIM Review: Collaboration
by Michel Bauwens 21 Dec '17

21 Dec '17

---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: TIM Review Newsletter <newsletter(a)timreview.ca> Date: Wed, Dec 20, 2017 at 8:43 PM Subject: December issue of the TIM Review: Collaboration To: michelsub2004(a)gmail.com You are receiving this email because you signed up for the TIM Review mailing list. If you are having trouble viewing this message, try opening it in a browser window <http://cmtd1.com/v/1132/dc643fdf30037187b65b588b22916cc482cdb57a1f9aff3a>. // December 2017 [image: Technology Innovation Management Review] <http://cmtd1.com/c/1132/dc643fdf30037187b65b588b22916cc46b6e291acf874d68561…> *Collaboration* The December issue of the *Technology Innovation Management Review* (TIM Review) has been published: http://timreview.ca/issue/2017/december <http://cmtd1.com/c/1132/dc643fdf30037187b65b588b22916cc46b6e291acf874d68254…> [image: December issue of the TIM Review] <http://cmtd1.com/c/1132/dc643fdf30037187b65b588b22916cc46b6e291acf874d68254…> The authors in this issue provide insights on the benefits of diverse entrepreneurial teams, the importance of educational collaboration in university–industry relationships, how startups and SMEs can collaborate through open innovation, and how coworking spaces can promote collaborative capability. *Articles in this issue:* *Promoting Entrepreneurial Commitment: The Benefits of Interdisciplinarity* *Franziska Brodack and Anna Sinell* *Educational Involvement in Innovative University–Industry Collaboration* *Leena Kunttu* *Innovation by Collaboration between Startups and SMEs in Switzerland* *Fabio Mercandetti, Christine Larbig, Vincenzo Tuozzo, and Thomas Steiner* *Collaborative Capability in Coworking Spaces: Convenience Sharing or Community Building?* *Marcelo F. Castilho and Carlos O. Quandt* Read issue online <http://cmtd1.com/c/1132/dc643fdf30037187b65b588b22916cc46b6e291acf874d68254…> The TIM Review is a free, monthly publication that receives partial funding from FedDev Ontario <http://cmtd1.com/c/1132/dc643fdf30037187b65b588b22916cc46b6e291acf874d68673…>'s Investing in Regional Diversification initiative. The journal is produced by the Talent First Network in association with the Technology Innovation Management (TIM <http://cmtd1.com/c/1132/dc643fdf30037187b65b588b22916cc46b6e291acf874d68344…>) program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada If you no longer wish to receive emails from us, click here to unsubscribe <http://cmtd1.com/u/1132/dc643fdf30037187b65b588b22916cc482cdb57a1f9aff3a>. CDBD3A8B-EFB9-2540-8AAB-760D6AC7EC43 init_ums -- P2P Foundation: http://p2pfoundation.net - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net Connect: http://p2pfoundation.ning.com; Discuss: http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation Updates: http://del.icio.us/mbauwens; http://friendfeed.com/mbauwens; http://twitter.com/mbauwens; http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens

1 0

Fwd: Out today! Commons Transition, Illustrated - Our New Web Primer
by Michel Bauwens 21 Dec '17

21 Dec '17

really stellar work to spread the word, bravo to the whole team thanks for everyone who can make a special effort to diffuse this! forwarded by stacco troncoso and ann-marie ultratel: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Stacco Troncoso <staccotroncoso(a)p2pfoundation.net> Date: Wed, Dec 20, 2017 at 1:36 PM Subject: Out today! Commons Transition, Illustrated - Our New Web Primer To: Dear friends and colleagues, Today, we’re happy to share with you our recently completed project, *the Commons Transition Primer website* <https://primer.commonstransition.org/>, with new and adapted texts by P2P Foundation members (including its founder, Michel Bauwens and our colleagues in the P2P Lab). *Featuring specially commissioned illustrations and infographics*, this Primer emphasizes the value of P2P and Commons approaches to work, politics, production and culture. Our intention with this site is to make the ideas of the Commons and P2P accessible and attractive to commoners and communities worldwide. The site is organized into several sections: 1. <https://primer.commonstransition.org/1-short-articles> ** <https://primer.commonstransition.org/1-short-articles> *Short* <https://primer.commonstransition.org/1-short-articles>*:* Q&A-style illustrated articles presenting some of the P2P Foundation’s main positions 2. <https://primer.commonstransition.org/2-long-articles> ** <https://primer.commonstransition.org/2-long-articles> *Long* <https://primer.commonstransition.org/2-long-articles>*:* In-depth, longer articles 3. <https://primer.commonstransition.org/3-library> ** <https://primer.commonstransition.org/3-library> *Library* <https://primer.commonstransition.org/3-library>*:* Downloadable PDF versions of P2P Foundation research publications 4. <https://primer.commonstransition.org/4-more> ** <https://primer.commonstransition.org/4-more> *More* <https://primer.commonstransition.org/4-more>*:* Video, audio and other content, plus site information and other links We’ve built some other useful features into this site, too. In the Short articles, *Key Concept <https://primer.commonstransition.org/4-more/5-elements/key-concepts>* pop-ups offer definitions of specialized terminology. *Case Studies* <https://primer.commonstransition.org/4-more/5-elements/case-studies> outline the practices of existing commons communities, often adapted from our own research publications. *Infographics* <https://primer.commonstransition.org/4-more/5-elements/infographics> and *illustrations* <https://primer.commonstransition.org/4-more/5-elements/illustrations> have sections of their own, for easy sharing. To keep things light, we’ve added a tab with a *“TLDR” summary* (internet slang for “too long/didn’t read”, if you didn’t already know), plus a tab for Resources which links to source and reference materials for the specific article. ** ** <https://primer.commonstransition.org/> *This website* <https://primer.commonstransition.org/> was produced with the support of the * **Heinrich Böll Foundation* <https://www.boell.de/en>, and is an outgrowth of our previous Commons Transition and P2P Primer * **in print* *form* <http://commonstransition.org/commons-transition-p2p-primer/>, which was co-authored with Michel Bauwens and Vasilis Kostakis and produced in cooperation with the *Transnational Institute* <https://www.tni.org/en> (TNI). We hope you enjoy *the Commons Transition Primer* <https://primer.commonstransition.org/> and we encourage you to share this email with your friends, family or colleagues. Alternatively, you can share the social media links below : - *Twitter:* tweet #1 <https://twitter.com/P2P_Foundation/status/943432791479455744>, tweet #2 <https://twitter.com/P2P_Foundation/status/943437155346591744>, tweet #3 <https://twitter.com/P2P_Foundation/status/943433190013849601>, tweet #4 <https://twitter.com/Commons_Trans/status/943437155396935680> - Facebook <https://www.facebook.com/P2PFoundation/photos/a.10152071768965731.107374182…> - G + <https://plus.google.com/b/117327906914230312044/+P2PFoundation/posts/9rKFyU…> - Mastodon <https://social.coop/@Stacco/99206456221801655> - Diaspora <https://diasp.org/posts/8578367> - Minds <https://www.minds.com/newsfeed/790185078423269376> -- Advocacy coordinator P2P Foundation <http://p2pfoundation.net/>. Project lead commonstransition.org Co-founder guerrillatranslation.org -- Check out the Commons Transition Plan here at: http://commonstransition.org P2P Foundation: http://p2pfoundation.net - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net <http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation>Updates: http://twitter.com/mbauwens; http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens #82 on the (En)Rich list: http://enrichlist.org/the-complete-list/

1 0

Fwd: Invitation to "A Delicate Activism" course, 6 to 10 of February 2018, Palmela, Portugal - Allan Kaplan and Sue Davidoff
by Kevin Flanagan 19 Dec '17

19 Dec '17

---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Nuno Da Silva <silvamago(a)gmail.com> Date: 19 December 2017 at 15:35 Subject: Invitation to "A Delicate Activism" course, 6 to 10 of February 2018, Palmela, Portugal - Allan Kaplan and Sue Davidoff To: Hello dear friends, I hope you are all doing well. I want to ask you some support in advertising a course I'm organising with two amazing people from South Africa that is quite relevant for systemic change agents. lease find all information below. Would be great if you find some time to have a look at it and spread the word to some people who you feel might benefit from this approach to social work and social transformation. Who knows, maybe you would even like to come:-) We are making the final outreach about the course to see if we get the necessary number to move forward. We decided to change the location to a beautiful place nearby Lisbon. You can see info about the new location in the email below. There is still chance to get the early bid discount until the end of December:-) Let me know if you need anything from my side. I wish you a great festivity season and that 2018 brings us all closer to each other and to HOME. Nuno Da Silva Hello, We are delighted to introduce you to "A Delicate Activism" course, facilitated by Allan Kaplan and Sue Davidoff of the Proteus Initiative - http://www.proteusinitiative.org/ The course will be held between 6 and 10 February (full working days) at Biovilla, in the Arrábida Natural Park, a project of agro-tourism inserted in Arrábida Natural Park which aims to be a “living example” of sustainable practices, offering the possibility of a deep individual and group immersion. http://www.biovilla.org/biovilla-eng Arrivals to Lisbon (closest airport) are expected on the 5th of February and departures on the 11th of February 2018. Registration fee: 650 euros (plus VAT) (early bird until 31st of December); 720 euros (plus VAT) after that. Registrations are limited to 24 participants. The fee covers all costs related with board, lodging (shared room with another participant), and course related work and materials. The travel costs from your place to the venue are not included. More information and registration form at: https://recifealgarve.wordpress.com/formacoes/#30 This course is organized by RECIFE in collaboration with the João Sem Medo - Evolutionary Entrepreneurs Community <http://www.joaosemmedo.org/>, ARISE Education <http://www.arise.education/> and the Emergence Network <http://www.emergencenetwork.org/>. I'm glad to answer any questions you might have. If you feel this approach to the social field might serve you in your pursuits to produce change, don't hesitate to come! Love and gratitude, Nuno da Silva *‘There are no solutions; there is only the ongoing practice of being open and alive to each meeting, each intra-action, so that we might use our ability to respond, our responsibility, to help awaken, to breathe life into ever new possibilities for living justly.’* *Karen Barad* Personal Website <https://nunodasilvablog.wordpress.com/> RECIFE - REde Colaborativa de Iniciativas para um Futuro Eco-sistémico (Coordinator <https://recifealgarve.wordpress.com/>) The Emergence Network Curator <http://www.emergencenetwork.org/> Comunidade de Empreendedores Evolucionários, João Sem Medo <http://www.joaosemmedo.org/> FESCOOP - The Cooperative of Ethical Finances in Portugal (founding member <https://financaseticas.mautic.net/movimentofinancaseticas>) Rede Educação Viva - Southeast Algarve hub coordinator <http://www.educacaoviva.pt/> Pool of Trainers, Portuguese Platform for Development Organizations (Plataforma ONGD) <http://www.plataformaongd.pt/formacao/bolsa-de-formadores/> Transition Portugal <http://transicaoportugal.net/> (Trainers Team and Communication Team) SALTO Trainers online for Youth <http://trainers.salto-youth.net/NunoDaSilva/> Council of Europe, Youth Directorate trainers pool <http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/youth/Training/Quality_NFE/TP_presentation_en.asp> P Antes de imprimir pense em sua responsabilidade ecompromisso com o MEIO AMBIENTE Before printing, think of the environment Nota de Confidencialidade: Esta mensagem destina-se a utilização por parte do(s) destinatário(s) identificado(s) acima e pode conter informação confidencial e/ou privilegiada. Se não for o destinatário desta mensagem, contacte o remetente e apague esta mensagem. Qualquer utilização não autorizada da informação contida nesta mensagem está proibida. Confidentiality Note: This message is intended only for the use of the named recipient(s) and may contain confidential and/or privileged information. If you are not the intended recipient, please contact the sender and delete this message. Any unauthorized use of the information contained in this message is prohibited.

1 0

Funded full time PhD on local currencies
by Kevin Flanagan 16 Dec '17

16 Dec '17

Greetings Here is info on a fully funded full time PhD on local currencies in stunning Cumbria, supervised by MOOC coauthor Prof Jem Bendell Please forward this info on to anyone you think may be interested, or any relevant mailing list. The closing date: midnight 14 January 2018 https://www.cumbria.ac.uk/research/funded-phd-opportunities/ The Lake District Pound (LD£) initiative is the context within which the research project will be carried out. This is an innovation in local currency that builds on the prior work and positive outcomes of other complimentary currency initiatives in the UK and globally. The LD£ will operate alongside sovereign Sterling currency with a more direct purpose to support the local rural economy. This initiative will utilise a range of innovative methods to adapt and extend the idea of a ‘currency with a purpose’ to a rural context with a unique demographic including for the first time a National Park. A core aim of the initiative is to shift visitor spending from using large external businesses (e.g. online retailers and travel companies, remote delivery services, etc.) towards local companies and communities. The anticipated impact is to retain more wealth in the region to fund social and environmental projects and through the local focus and supply chains deliver measureable environmental benefits. The LD£ initiative has a number of short and long-term aims, which will be greatly enabled through this research project. The aim of the research project is to provide a foundation and framework for measuring the success of the local currency initiative and from that measure, to identify optimum practice and future direction to improve such local currency initiatives. No prior research data exists from any local currency project to describe or quantify the benefits of local currency schemes on the local economy. The New Economics Foundation (NEF) has some data on the benefits of local purchasing via the Multiplier Effect, but has no substantive data from any initiative. In the US, the AMIBA has some impressive quantified data on local spending impact, but this relates to a different culture of use and is not related to local spending impact of a local currency initiative. Most significantly for the LD£ initiative, no data exists to measure the impact of local spending in a rural context or where communities are adversely impacted through a substantial tourist influx. Desired outcomes of the research project include, but are not limited to: A framework definition for measuring local economic impact from local spending Gathering of quantified data defining benefits to local economy through spending locally Direction for how to improve money supply, particularly in supply-chains, to make the most impact and greatest difference to local economy Quantified data on ecological benefits due to local purchasing Recommendations for future local currency initiatives This is an exciting opportunity to work with The Lakes Currency Project Ltd, a small and dynamic team with a passion for the environment and the local community. Based in the stunning Lake District National Park, UK you will help to shape and deliver this research project in partnership between the University of Cumbria and The Lakes Currency Project Ltd. The Business The Lakes Currency Project Ltd is the organisation behind the introduction and support of the ‘Lake District Pound’. It is incorporated as a private entity following the guidelines of a Community Interest Company to drive the LD£ initiative as a commercially sustainable project. The generation of revenue from the initiative will be directed in joint partnership with the Lake District Foundation to support vital sustainability projects in and around the National Park, and the Cumbria Community Foundation to support critical projects to help the poorer local communities. Their long-term aim is to develop an element of autonomy and economic resilience within the Lake District and surrounding communities in response to the continually increasing impact of global tourism that often serves to impoverish rural areas. The initiative has a number of mutually reinforcing objectives: to support local independent business by increasing customer numbers through the marketing of the currency to create awareness of how a community benefits when people ‘buy local’ to create a memorable experience for visitors to the Lake District National Park through engagement with the currency and associated activities to enhance the sense of identity of the Lake District and surrounding area to generate a profit to be invested back into the Lake District and surrounding area in support of environmental and social needs http://www.lakedistrictpound.com/ Benefits This is a fully funded home/EU PhD supported by the ERDF funded Eco-innovation Cumbria project www.cumbria.ac.uk/eco led by the University of Cumbria. The University is committed to providing excellence in academic practice together with a supportive and stimulating environment in which to conduct your studies. Full-time PhD – annual tax-free stipend of £15,000 p.a. for 3 years Tuition fees paid for by the industry sponsor (Home/EU fee) Become part of a cohort of student researchers working on industry-led projects in eco-innovation. Application process https://www.cumbria.ac.uk/research/prospective-students To apply please visit the website for details of the entry requirements which must be met and to access the application form. Under the Research Proposal section of the form please summarise your approach to the proposed project outlined in this advert under the following headings: General Overview of Area, Identification of the Relevant Literature, Key Research Questions, Methodology, Timescale/Research Planning Please include a covering letter telling us why you want to study for a PhD, what interests you about this project and highlight the skills and experience you will bring. For any queries relating to admissions please contact Research Student Admissions rsa(a)cumbria.ac.uk If you wish to find out more about the project in the first instance please contact: Ken Royall, Chief Executive, The Lakes Currency Project Ltd. ken(a)lakedistrictpound.com or Dr David Murphy, Institute for Leadership and Sustainability, University of Cumbria david.murphy(a)cumbria.ac.uk or Closing date: midnight 14 January 2018 Interviews to be conducted 8 February 2018 in Ambleside, Cumbria. Candidates will be required to give a short presentation on their approach to the research proposal (arrangements could be made to do this by video conference).

1 0