[P2P-F] Fwd: Have you heard about Syntropic Agriculture?

Tue Aug 21 11:16:22 CEST 2018

The photo essay is very nice, Michel. This is the first time I hear about
syntropic agriculture, though it has many things in common with other more
well-known approaches, like permaculture. Its claim about eucalyptus may
need to be further tested by various practitioners under different
conditions. That eucalyptus is an exotic species is already one point
against it, in many areas.

Good sustainable agriculture practices come in all kinds of varieties and
names, varying usually on their emphasis and focus and on some specific
practices not present in others. Sometimes, some practitioners coin new
names to distinguish themselves from earlier ones. Most of them are moves
in the right direction, with few exceptions. The term "no-till
agriculture" originally applied to Masanobu Fukuoka's "do-nothing
agriculture", which he also called "natural farming". The "no-till" phrase
was hijacked by agrochemical commpanies, who also call their
herbicide-based practices "no-till". Agroforestry, agroecology,
sustainable agriculture (also hijacked by agrochems), organic farming,
biodynamic farming, biointensive farming, permaculture, etc. They are
generally all ok, giving individual practitioners a wide range of choices
for approaches that suits them better.

For instance, permaculture appeals to those who focus on farm design (like
me). It also similar to syntropic agriculture, but it is already a global
movement with lots of very good experiences and literature behind it. Its
ideal is the rain forest, which regenerates and maintains itself with no
human intervention. If you harvest from rain forest within limits (ie, you
don't touch the basic processes that keep it so), you get a perpetual flow
of services from it. A permaculture farm may not reach this ideal, of
course, but permaculturists will keep improving their farms to approach
this ideal more closely. This is not to diss other sus ag approaches. I'm
just saying you pick an approach that suits you best.

One little comment about naming. It is good to give a lot of thought on a
name, so that once adopted, it would be very hard to hijack. We had an
exchange on this list about this, if I remember right. I prefer
positive-oriented names, rather than "not this" or "not that", or
"low-this or low-that", or worse, "anti-this" or "anti-that". For
instance, I'm not sold on the "low-carbon" term, as if the only issue were
carbon. If we don't want "carbon" or any other thing, then what do we
want? The new names we adopt (and adopting a new vocabulary is really
important) should reflect this, and accurately too. That is also why I
like P2P as a term.

Greetings to all,

Roberto

> ---------- Forwarded message ---------
> From: Ryan Fortune <ryan.fortune2012 at gmail.com>
> Date: Tue, Aug 21, 2018 at 9:01 AM
> Subject: Have you heard about Syntropic Agriculture?
> To: <michel at p2pfoundation.net>
>
>
> Brazilian farmer Ernst Gotsch has formulated a method of farming that
> works
> harmoniously with nature to help fight climate change & feed the world.
> View this email in your browser
> <https://us8.campaign-archive.com/?e=83be33d795&u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=629ad2e628>
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=88f5ec12f6&e=83be33d795>
>
>
> *Have you heard about Syntropic Agriculture? *
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=38dfe43f98&e=83be33d795>
> *By Patricia Sendin, architect for 20+ years*
> *and founder of Send a City
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=846a83ee44&e=83be33d795>.*
>
> *Blog: Not Only About Architecture
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=fa99c2d179&e=83be33d795>*
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=d2ad3f609c&e=83be33d795>
>
> "There is no such thing as a poor soil," says Ernst Götsch
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=7a5d2cfedd&e=83be33d795>,
> a farmer and researcher who for the past 30 years has turned degraded land
> in Brazil into highly productive *agroforests
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=5e2b018270&e=83be33d795>*
> (trees
> and crops) *using no chemical inputs, heavy machinery or irrigation. *
>
> Since Götsch hardly publishes papers, I have traveled to Brazil to learn
> first hand how he manages to create net positive ecosystems that produce
> food while restoring soils and trapping outstanding amounts of carbon.
>
>
>
> *As it happens, his method is nature-inspired, intuitive and easy to
> understand; it carries almost no cost and works in all ecosystems. If we
> were to leave it to nature to fix climate change and food security, this
> is
> how she would do it. *
>
> *Why does the subject matter?    *
> Feeding the world releases 17,000 megatonnes of carbon dioxide into the
> atmosphere annually (source
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=dc958d3b19&e=83be33d795>)
> - 47% of the total global emissions - and still leaves 795 million people
> -
> 10% of the global population - chronically malnourished.
>
> The Sustainable Development Goals 2, End Hunger
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=bcdd621f5f&e=83be33d795>,
> and 13, Climate Action
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=98c53d0102&e=83be33d795>,
> are an inspiring call on how we can help, yet a complete rethink on how we
> produce food is desperately needed.
>
> Another important aspect relates to how and where we will live in future.
> Despite projections that foresee 70% of the world population living in
> urban areas by 2050 (source
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=a7756d7fe5&e=83be33d795>),
> most likely the opposite scenario - a migration to the countryside - will
> be true, considering the factors below.
> ------------------------------
>
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=77e70ab0ed&e=83be33d795>
> *Factors contributing to a new urban-to-rural migration trend | by Send a
> City
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=bea13cecfa&e=83be33d795>*
> ------------------------------
> But we may also be pushed towards rural living, if the commitment to limit
> the temperature increase by 2100 to 2ºC adopted at the COP21 gets
> implemented.
>
> According to the Committee on Climate Change
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=6ea3505326&e=83be33d795>
> to
> achieve this goal the global emissions should peak at 2020 and be halved
> (or more) by 2050, which means per capita CO2 emissions in 2050 averaging
> around 2 tonnes. This is a reduction of 72% relative to today 7.3 t
> CO2e/capita. Mission (or rather *emission*) impossible unless we radically
> change the way we live.
>
> According to a study
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=b549665ba3&e=83be33d795>
> by
> the Federal University of Ceará in Brazil, bigger cities produce more
> carbon dioxide per capita than small ones.
>
> "This shouldn't be a surprise," says the research team, "there are many
> aspects of cities that scale with population size, such as the number of
> jobs, houses and water consumption."
>
> In light of this, if we were to plan the most carbon-efficient community,
> it ought to be on the smaller size. But how dense should it be? Here is
> where agroforests enter the picture.
>
> If a community were to integrate an agroforestry system, it could offset
> part of their CO2 emissions with the CO2 sequestered by its plants.
>
> According to Cooperafloresta
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=adbdd3eb36&e=83be33d795>
> Brazil
> *(see picture below)* agroforests sequester approximately 10 tonnes of CO2
> per hectare per year: 6.6 tCO2/ha/yr from the air and 3.5
> tCO2/ha/yr through pruning.
>
> If the per capita emission today is 7,3 t CO2 and the number is smaller in
> smaller towns, we could assume a possible per capita CO2 emission in a
> small town of 4 tonnes.
>
> Since our emissions allowance will be 2 t CO2e/capita, we'd need to offset
> the other 2 tonnes. The 10 tCO2/ha/yr sequestered by an agroforest is
> equivalent to the CO2 produced by 5 people/ha (or 500 people/km2) at 2 t
> CO2e/capita.
>
> To conclude: *a small town **with a density of 500 people/km2 will meet
> the
> 2050 climate action targets by means of incorporating agroforestry,
> **without
> their inhabitants having to shift customs or behaviour*.
>
> Needless to say, however, that the behavioural change will in any case
> occur through the practice of agroforestry: people would consume organic,
> locally produced food which will further reduce their carbon footprint
> (agroforestry produces 40 tonnes of food per hectare per year!).
>
> Agroforestry practised in small, sparsely-populated communities would be a
> way to meet the climate targets and could lead to carbon neutral (or
> carbon
> positive) living.
>
> This surely sounds like heresy to urban planners, since it looks like a
> return to "urban sprawl", the phenomenon we've been fighting for the past
> 25 years.
>
> But it won't be comparable since 1) the conditions are very different:
> people will work locally and/or remotely, consume less, travel less etc,
> 2)
> compact cities will still exist, and 3) "urban density" is like "fiscal
> austerity", in theory a good idea, but in practice not really taking us
> where we want to be.
> ------------------------------
>
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=2b32b65136&e=83be33d795>
> *Carbon sequestration in agroforests | Study by Cooperafloresta
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=7e17825cc1&e=83be33d795>*
> ------------------------------
>
> *Syntropic agriculture and the work of Ernst Götsch*
>
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=1c87f49cd4&e=83be33d795>
> *Ernst Götsch at 4th Workshop on Syntropic Agriculture | Photo: Chris
> Lima*
> ------------------------------
> The eye opener for Ernst Götsch (born in Switzerland, 1948) was a trip to
> the tropics in 1976 when he was stunned by the contrast between the
> poverty
> of cultivated lands and the wealth of the bordering tropical rainforest
> (1).
>
> He found similar wealth resulting from the way small farmers worldwide had
> been practising agriculture for over thousand years. They would combine
> trees with crops and/or pastures (agroforestry) to achieve an increase in
> biodiversity and an improvement of soil fertility, thus leading to a
> higher
> productivity.
>
> Exactly the opposite than conventional agriculture achieves with
> monocultures and the use of herbicides, pesticides and mineral
> fertilisers.
>
> Taking agroforestry as a baseline, Götsch developed by means of trial and
> error a system called regenerative analog agroforestry
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=9d0b418050&e=83be33d795>,
> known in Brazil for its acronym SAFRA.
>
> This method works with processes rather than inputs and supplements
> agroforestry with strategic interventions *(see below)* and the natural
> succession of species in a system.
>
> This, according to Götsch, is what ultimately brings a system to thrive
> and
> not the initial quality of the soil or the amount of light it receives
> (2).
>
> He observed that the natural succession of species is one of the driving
> forces of life.
>
> Götsch's research and work keeps unfolding and he now refers to it as
> syntropic
> agriculture
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=c330bd4abc&e=83be33d795>
> since
> it actually follows the law of syntropy (3), also known as negative
> entropy, or the principles that sustain life.
>
> He also defines his work as "a way to create a positive energy balance in
> the world by means of unconditional love and cooperation."
>
> His numbers are as impressive as his methodology. He produces in his farm
> in Bahia cacao beans so superior in quality that they sell for four times
> the market price to Italian Amedei, the best chocolate producer in the
> world according to the London Academy of Chocolate, says an article in O
> Globo Rural this month (4).
>
> "The quality comes from the ecological balance of the system", Götsch says
> in the article. Since his method requires no inputs, Götsch produces his
> cacao at zero cost.
>
> He also achieves higher than average yields and his crops are unaffected
> by
> pests.
>
> His best numbers though are in his comparison of the energy efficiency of
> nature and technology:
> ------------------------------
>
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=aff84251d5&e=83be33d795>
> *Energy efficiency comparison of nature and tech | Photo by Chris Lima,
> edited by PS*
> ------------------------------
> *"Nature uses for its metabolic processes approx 3% of its capital in
> order
> to achieve a 10 to 15% surplus."*
>
> This means, nature *(green line above)* will always increase its energy
> (syntropy) since it produces more than it consumes.
>
> Technology, on the contrary, will always tend towards energy depletion
> since to achieve the same surplus of 10%, a combustion engine, for
> instance, burns between 70-75% of its fuel energy.
>
> That is, it consumes more than it produces and will always need energy
> added to its system (entropy).
>
> *Technology will never lead to abundance, but nature will.*
>
> Götsch's syntropic agriculture mimics nature: it produces its own
> fertiliser, creates abundant black soil and nutrients, retains water and
> optimizes its circulation.
>
> Notwithstanding the complexity of the system that requires in-depth
> knowledge of the local flora, Götsch believes that everyone can be a
> practitioner and encourages students to focus on understanding the
> processes rather than on the details.
>
> His advice: to experiment with the species and to keep an open heart for
> new knowledge to flow in.
> ------------------------------
> *Syntropic Agriculture Practices*
> *1. Permanent soil cover*
> In agroforestry the ground is covered throughout with organic matter
> obtained from weeding, pruning and removing plants. This material placed
> on
> the ground as mulch (chipped or unprocessed) both enriches and protects
> the
> soil. "Efforts are made to recycle and to increase the amount of organic
> material produced by the plantation itself" (2) thus doing away with the
> need for external fertilisers.
>
> An agroforestry site has on average 4kg of dry organic matter per m2,
> constantly decomposing.
>
> This equals to an estimated production of 6-10 kg of mulch /m2/yr with
> more
> than 3 to 5 prunings (5).
>
> The mulch fixes carbon dioxide in the ground, protects the soil from
> erosion and preserves water (some vegetable beds hadn't been watered for a
> month and a half).
>
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=81cf6817a6&e=83be33d795>
>
> *Wood chip mulch and small tree branches for the vegetable beds. Hay mulch
> between them Photo: Chris Lima*
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=2594695e81&e=83be33d795>
> *Wood chip mulch decomposes in 6 months*
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=3fd349ee81&e=83be33d795>
> *Lettuce seedling planted  in wood chip mulch*
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=3979b77e84&e=83be33d795>
>
> *Banana tree trunks cut in half over loose soil to avoid erosion and
> canalise water in slopes  Photo: Chris Lima*
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=d3f6ec7f29&e=83be33d795>
> *Broccoli and lettuce seedlings planted in soil between banana trunks*
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=b8ec05d733&e=83be33d795>
> *Sloping vegetable beds made with banana and acacia mangium tree trunks
> are
> protected from erosion.*
> *2. Pruning *
> The drastic trimming of branches and trunks done on a regular basis is an
> important part of syntropic agriculture. Besides producing the dead
> material for the permanent soil cover, strategic pruning rejuvenates
> maturing plants and accelerates the rate of growth in the whole system by
> increasing the amount of light and nutrients available to the future
> generations of plants. It also speeds and directs the organic process of
> (plants) succession.
>
> Through pruning, the carbon trapped in the trees goes back to the soil. A
> mature agroforest (10-15 years old) has a carbon stock of 48 t/ha (source
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=5c0b0ecdb1&e=83be33d795>
> ).
> ------------------------------
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=7d8254e965&e=83be33d795>
> *Acacia mangium pruning | Photo Chris Lima*
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=71a5f27b27&e=83be33d795>
> *Acacia mangium trunks and branches cut to equal size for vegetable beds |
> Photo Chris Lima*
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=6fcf6275b1&e=83be33d795>
> *Smaller acacia mangium branches for vegetable beds borders | Photo Chris
> Lima*
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=d85f5e6a0e&e=83be33d795>
> *Acacia mangium trimmings and foliage used for mulch or processed for wood
> chip | Photo Chris Lima*
> *#3 Companion planting*
> "Living beings of each place and in each situation form consortia in which
> each member contributes with its particular capacity to improve and to
> optimize its conditions as well as those of the members of its consortium
> to grow, prosper and reproduce." (2)
>
> "It appears that the critical factor in determining health and growth rate
> of the plants, as well as the productivity rate of the system, is not the
> initial quality of the soil, but rather the composition and density of
> individuals of the plant community." (2)
>
> Götsch creates consortia of crop species with synergetic potentials that
> cooperate with each other.
>
> Maize, for instance, produces more when planted with beans or grass
> (brachiaria brizantha); bananas grow healthier with orange trees,
> pineapple
> with manioc.
>
> Despite the complexity of syntropic agriculture consortia, for the purpose
> of this workshop, we experimented with simple ones.
>
> We planted 3 to 5 crops, known to thrive together, like tomato, maize and
> green beans; maize, pumpkin and rucola; passion fruit, tomato, cucumber
> and
> chayote (*chuchú*).
>
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=39558948b6&e=83be33d795>
> *Tomatoes, maize, banana growing together.*
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=049c9193d1&e=83be33d795>
>  *3 tomato seeds, 2 green beans and 2 maize, each in a separate hole, are
> planted in a handful of soil between tree marigold stem cuttings*
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=84536e9d8e&e=83be33d795>
> *Sowing layout #1. The grass between beds (called "green" fertiliser) adds
> organic matter and nitrogen to the soil; it protects against pests,
> preserves humidity and decompacts the soil | Sketch by Send a City
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=1b00d7a1e7&e=83be33d795>*
>
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=091afd6ac6&e=83be33d795>
> *Sowing layout #2 | Photo by Thiago Rips *
> ------------------------------
> *4. Adoption of successional elements*
> "Each consortium creates the conditions for a new consortium with a
> different composition. Hence, each consortium is determined by the
> preceding one and will determine the following one. The different
> consortia
> succeed one another in a dynamic, ongoing process called natural species
> succession." (2)
>
>
> "The order in which crops are planted is important, as most species only
> grow vigorously if they enter the flow of species succession in such a way
> that they come to dominate and to thrive in the system." (1)
>
> Equally critical for the establishment and development of a plant is the
> timing of when it appears.
>
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=651d82c627&e=83be33d795>
> *Natural species succession in agroforests | Snapshot of video
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=9293909311&e=83be33d795>
> by Cooperafloresta
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=0ac4466b8f&e=83be33d795>*
>
> The sowing layout #1 (pictured above) paves the way for trees, in this
> case
> açai and cacao, to enter the system at a later stage.
>
> Tree marigold, a bush and a pioneer species, is the first to grow (quickly
> and abundantly). In 6 to 8 months it will be drastically cut, its organic
> matter left on the floor.
>
> Same will happen with the banana trees and the vegetable plants after
> their
> harvest in the same period of time.
>
> The açai and cacao seeds will then be planted in lieu of the ginger.
>
> This secondary system is expected to grow beautifully.
>
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=4c77406e70&e=83be33d795>
> *40cm long tree marigold stem cuttings, 35cm apart, buried to 2/3*
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=10ad674cb8&e=83be33d795>
> *Tree marigold (margaridão) grown from stem cuttings in 6 months*
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=973e60840c&e=83be33d795>
> *The correct way to cut back a banana tree | Photo by Jenner Jon Lopes*
> ------------------------------
>
>
> There are many other strategies included in the practice of syntropic
> agriculture and some bombshells.
>
> *"Eucalyptus promotes food production", says Götsch challenging the belief
> that it depletes the soil. "It produces gibberellic acid, which makes
> eucalyptus leaves a top quality mulch, and its roots bring water to the
> system rather than sequestering it."  *
>
> Pests are non-existent in syntropic agriculture. Apparently pests go to
> weak plants and are therefore to be seen as an indicator of the plant's
> health rather than a threat.
>
> The way out is to address the plant's health by strengthening it. Pests
> then disappear naturally. Nothing to do though against birds eating crops.
> "That's life," says Götsch.
>
> Syntropic agriculture works in temperate climates too. This is the way our
> ancestors did things. Just take apples for açai and start the journey.
>
> *About*
> 4th Workshop on Syntropic Agriculture | Casimiro de Abreu, Rio de Janeiro
> 25-28 July 2016. Organized by Agenda Gotsch
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=91dde6d1ab&e=83be33d795>,
> a non-profit founded by journalists Felipe Pasini and Dayana Andrade to
> document and spread Ernst Götsch's work, through documentaries
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=41c17f95eb&e=83be33d795>,
> workshops and social media
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=4dd298affe&e=83be33d795>
> .
> ------------------------------
>
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=8e327003ba&e=83be33d795>
> *4th Workshop on Syntropic Agriculture | Photo by Thiago Rips*
> ------------------------------
> *Notes*
> (1) Götsch, Ernst (1992) | Natural Succession of Species in Agroforestry
> and in Soil Recovery
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=9548cafa6c&e=83be33d795>,
> Pirai do Norte BA, August 1992
> (2) Götsch, Ernst (1994) | Breakthrough in Agriculture
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=1388b24b6d&e=83be33d795>,
> Pirai do Norte BA, August 1994
> (3) Di Corpo, Ulisse (year unknown) | The Conflict Between Entropy and
> Syntropy: the Vital Needs Model
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=b7420f5691&e=83be33d795>
>
> (4) Taguchi, Viviane (2016) | Agricultura Sintrópica, SP, August 2016 |
> Globo Rural #370: Editora Globo
> (5) Cooperafloresta (2016) | Pesquisas ajudam a comprovar benefícios das
> agroflorestas
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=86e0425ab8&e=83be33d795>
> |
> Divulgador de Noticias, 6 Aug 2016
>
> *Articles on agroforestry*
> "A revoluç
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=8248830545&e=83be33d795>ão
> na floresta"
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=64f0334a93&e=83be33d795>
> |
> Super Interessante, July 2016
> "Life in syntropy: breaking the paradign of modern agriculture?"
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=ad29ae82c8&e=83be33d795>
> |
> Natural capital, 24 Feb 2016
> "Ernst Gotsch e a agrofloresta: como produzir com a logica da abundância"
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=d317f223b6&e=83be33d795>
> |
> Namu, 08 March 2016
>
> *Further reading  *
> Di Corpo, Ulisse & Vannini, Antonella (2009) | An Introduction to Syntropy
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=1c22459510&e=83be33d795>
>
> Di Corpo, Ulisse (2013) | Life Energy, Syntropy, Complementarity and
> Ressonance
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=8105cc80ed&e=83be33d795>
>
> Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário (2008) | Manual Agroflorestal para a
> Mata Atlântica
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=c5df267a80&e=83be33d795>,
> Brasilia, Oct 2008
> Steenbock, Walter & Machado Vezzani, Fabiane (2013) | Agrofloresta:
> aprendendo a produzir com a natureza
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=8ba0aa069d&e=83be33d795>,
> Curitiba 2013
> Vaz, Patricia (2000) | Regenerative Agroforestry in Brazil
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=38bf9e10ef&e=83be33d795>,
> Piracicaba
> SP, September 2000 | Ileia Newsletter: Ileia Foundation
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=2c0c3921d7&e=83be33d795>
>
>
> *Pictures by* PS unless otherwise stated. Cover photo by Natureza Fotos
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=6c959840f5&e=83be33d795>
>
> *Heat Shang-hai heatwave forces people into the streets
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=c38508e516&e=83be33d795>*
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=994e2d3cd5&e=83be33d795>
>
> *Alarm 2018 is Shaping Up to Be the Fourth-Hottest Year. Yet We're Still
> Not Prepared for Global Warming
> <https://facebook.us8.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4c039247ad2f92d6e7fcef312&id=346059754d&e=83be33d795>*
>
>
> --
> Check out the Commons Transition Plan here at:
> http://commonstransition.org
>
>
> P2P Foundation: http://p2pfoundation.net  - http://blog.p2pfoundation.net
>
> <http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation>Updates:
> http://twitter.com/mbauwens; http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens
>
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