Date: Wed, 10 Jun 2009 13:35:04 +0200 From: [email protected] To: Subject: MAGNIFICA RECOPILACION DE DATOS SOBRE RIESGOS DE LOS OGMThe Genetic Engineering of Food and the Failure of Science - Part 1&2]
OS REBOTO UN MAGNIFICO TRABAJO (al menos a primera vista) DE RECOPILACION DE INFORMACIÓN SOBRE RIESGOS DE LOS OGM
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-------- Mensaje original -------- Asunto: [genet-forum] The Genetic Engineering of Food and the Failure of Science - Part 1&2 Fecha: Mon, 8 Jun 2009 13:55:17 +0200 De: GENET-forum <[email protected]> Para: GENET-forum <[email protected]>
<<http://ijsaf.org/contents/16-1/lotter1/index.html>> International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food Vol.16(1) (2009) Abstract
The Genetic Engineering of Food and the Failure of Science - Part 1: The Development of a Flawed Enterprise
Don Lotter A major conflict is developing in science over transgenic foods. Food, feed, and fiber products derived from transgenic agricultural crops are presented here as a different case from industrial and pharmaceutical crop transgenics and should be parsed from the larger transgenics industry for comprehensive re-evaluation and market roll-back. Reviewed is the development of the crop transgenics industry; the early influence of the biotechnology industry over the US federal regulatory agencies in the context of the development of minimal regulation; the basic technology of plant transgenics; the main transgenic crops, traits, and producing countries; consumer resistance to transgenic foods; industry problems with shrinking investments; the worldwide promotion of transgenic crops; and ecological issues of transgenic crops. Flaws in the one gene-one protein model, the foundation of transgenics, are reviewed in the context of the recent and ongoing restructuring of the science of genetics. Research on the mutational consequences of plant transgenics and its phenotypic ramifications such as allergens and novel proteins is discussed. Major research findings and 'red flag' incidents in the history of transgenic foods and feeds are reviewed that reflect the flaws in the genetic foundations of transgenics.
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The Genetic Engineering of Food and the Failure of Science - Part 2: Academic Capitalism and the Loss of Scientific Integrity <http://ijsaf.org/contents/16-1/lotter2/index.html>
Don Lotter Factors in the failure of the scientific community to properly oversee agricultural transgenics are presented. The large-scale restructuring of university science programs in the past 25 years from a model based on non-proprietary science for the 'public good' to the 'academic capitalism' model based on the 'knowledge economy' is discussed in the context of the failure of the science community to oversee the transition of transgenic crop technology from the research stage to commercialization. Discussed are increasing science community and university dependence on private industry funding and on development of proprietary technologies; monopolization of the make-up of expert scientific bodies on transgenics by pro-industry scientists with vested interests in transgenics; deficient scientific protocols, bias, and possible fraud in industry-sponsored and industry-conducted research; increasing politically and commercially driven manipulation of science within federal regulatory bodies such as the FDA; and bias in the peer- review process, tolerance by the scientific community of biotechnology industry manipulation of the information environment, and of biased treatment and harassment of non-compliant scientists. Discussed are future food production strategies for developing countries, recently framed in the 2008 UNsponsored International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge, Science, and Technology, an action plan that emphasizes non- proprietary, agroecology-based approaches to food production and does not include crop transgenics as a central strategy. The under-funding of non-proprietary agroecological approaches to food production is discussed.
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see also: <http://www.donlotter.net/>
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providing background information for the European NGO Network on Genetic Engineering
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