<div dir="ltr"><div>"<span style="background-color:rgb(246,247,249);color:rgb(29,33,41);font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px">Prof. Hakim shows how communitarian design was once the normal and substantial way cities of</span></div><span style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(29,33,41);font-size:12px;background-color:rgb(246,247,249)">the Mediterranean basin grew during the last 1,500 years. In one of his most important books, for</span><br style="color:rgb(29,33,41);font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background-color:rgb(246,247,249)"><span style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(29,33,41);font-size:12px;background-color:rgb(246,247,249)">example, he explains that according to the 14th century Maliki School’s urban rules the citizens of</span><br style="color:rgb(29,33,41);font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background-color:rgb(246,247,249)"><span style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(29,33,41);font-size:12px;background-color:rgb(246,247,249)">Tunis had the right to change the design of the cul-de-sac they inhabited. The only condition was</span><br style="color:rgb(29,33,41);font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background-color:rgb(246,247,249)"><span style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(29,33,41);font-size:12px;background-color:rgb(246,247,249)">that they reached a unanimous consent on change, and thus until even just one neighbor disagreed</span><br style="color:rgb(29,33,41);font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background-color:rgb(246,247,249)"><span style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(29,33,41);font-size:12px;background-color:rgb(246,247,249)">with the majority, they needed to keep discussing and coping with a solution capable of matching</span><br style="color:rgb(29,33,41);font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background-color:rgb(246,247,249)"><span style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(29,33,41);font-size:12px;background-color:rgb(246,247,249)">everyone’s need (Hakim, 2008, pp. 26–27).</span><div><br></div><div>see: <a href="https://journalofbiourbanism.files.wordpress.com/2017/11/jbu_epistemology_of_design_vol5_issue1_2.pdf">https://journalofbiourbanism.files.wordpress.com/2017/11/jbu_epistemology_of_design_vol5_issue1_2.pdf</a></div><div><br></div><div>ARCHITECTURE WITH IDENTITY CRISIS: THE LOST HERITAGE OF THE MIDDLE EAST 81 Marwa Al-Sabouni </div><div><br></div><div>GENERATIVE PROCESSES FOR REVITALIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT 99 Besim S. Hakim </div><div><br></div><div>MIDDLE-OUT: HOW COMPLEX NETWORKS MADE OBSOLETE THE BOTTOM-UP VS. TOP-DOWN CONTRAST 109 Alessandro Giuliani </div><div><br></div><div>THE ECONOMIC, DEMOGRAPHIC, AND TECHNOLOGICAL EVOLUTION OF THE CITY 117 Antonino Galloni</div><div><br clear="all"></div><div><br></div>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div>Check out the Commons Transition Plan here at: <a href="http://commonstransition.org" target="_blank">http://commonstransition.org</a>  </div><div><br></div>P2P Foundation: <a href="http://p2pfoundation.net" target="_blank">http://p2pfoundation.net</a>  - <a href="http://blog.p2pfoundation.net" target="_blank">http://blog.p2pfoundation.net</a> <br><br><a href="http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation" target="_blank"></a>Updates: <a href="http://twitter.com/mbauwens" target="_blank">http://twitter.com/mbauwens</a>; <a href="http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens" target="_blank">http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens</a><br><br>#82 on the (En)Rich list: <a href="http://enrichlist.org/the-complete-list/" target="_blank">http://enrichlist.org/the-complete-list/</a> <br></div></div></div></div>
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