<div dir="ltr"><div><p style="margin:0px"><a href="http://web.mit.edu/comm-forum/mit6/papers/BenPeters.pdf" target="_blank">http://web.mit.edu/comm-forum/mit6/papers/BenPeters.pdf</a></p><p style="margin:0px"><br></p><p style="margin:0px">
"Why wasn’t there a Soviet equivalent to the US ARPANET? Building on fresh <br>archival evidence, this paper examines several surprising leads: one, that the first <br>person anywhere to conceive of and propose a national computer network for <br>
civilian use appears to have been the Soviet cyberneticist and Engineer Colonel <br>Anatolii Kitov; two, that Soviet economic cybernetics tried repeatedly but did not <br>succeed in building such a network; three, that the collective failure comes in part <br>
due to unregulated bureaucratic competition and infighting over resources within <br>the Soviet state and academy (while the US ARPANET and French MINITEL <br>networks initially benefited from centralized state subsidy) and in part due to the <br>
untenably comprehensive and hierarchically decentralized design in vogue among <br>Soviet cybernetists in the 1960s. The fact that cybernetics was a discursive <br>vehicle for reform-oriented science in the early 1960s makes its failed <br>
contributions that much more culturally poignant. These and other ironies are <br>explored."</p></div><div><br></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr"><div><b>Please note an intrusion wiped out my inbox on February 8; I have no record of previous communication, proposals, etc ..</b></div>
<div><br></div>P2P Foundation: <a href="http://p2pfoundation.net" target="_blank">http://p2pfoundation.net</a> - <a href="http://blog.p2pfoundation.net" target="_blank">http://blog.p2pfoundation.net</a> <br><br><a href="http://lists.ourproject.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/p2p-foundation" target="_blank"></a>Updates: <a href="http://twitter.com/mbauwens" target="_blank">http://twitter.com/mbauwens</a>; <a href="http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens" target="_blank">http://www.facebook.com/mbauwens</a><br>
<br>#82 on the (En)Rich list: <a href="http://enrichlist.org/the-complete-list/" target="_blank">http://enrichlist.org/the-complete-list/</a> <br></div>
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