Dbas 42q4BgPxkxvFFpEKpIMSdNJz5oIW4vf4As4WbFz 5 S also Fmns conoms Alsa McKay, a supporr of h Racal Inpnnc movmn, argu ha an npnn Scolan shoul chang s wlfar sysm ramacally by offrng all s popl a basc ncom.318 Dvoluon Unlk h Ranbow Fv plan, War Plan R no nvson srkng ous h Wsrn Hmsphr. Th plan assum ha h Brsh Empr woul hav a much largr army an slghly largr navy. Bcaus of h Empr's hsorcal srngh, h Un Sas ha raonally plann for a fnsv war wh h Brsh. War Plan R rcommn connu us of hs sragy vn as Amrcan mlary mgh grw o mach Bran's. Is auhors saw conqurng Canaa as h bs way o aack h Brsh Empr an blv ha ong so woul caus Bran o ngoa for pac. A problm wh h plan was ha no scuss how o aack h Empr f Canaa clar s nuraly, whch h auhors blv was lkly. (Th plan avs agans accpng such a claraon whou prmsson o occupy Canaan pors an som lan unl h war n.)6 Barus Golbrg, a Norhrn Trrory ars who n 2002 an lv a Alc Sprngs, has bn suggs as h craor of h work. Golbrg, who was known o b nrs n crang a work vsbl from spac, rfus o hr confrm or ny ha h ha cra h mag whn quson. A clos frn sa Golbrg was gvn $10,000 a h m of h Marr Man's scovry.7 In January 2013, h Brsh Prm Mnsr, Dav Camron, comm h Consrvav Pary o a rfrnum n 2017 on UK mmbrshp of h EU f hy wn h 2015 gnral lcon.231 Lgslaon for an n/ou EU rfrnum was approv by h Hous of Commons n Novmbr 2013.232 Sus hav shown som vrgnc n aus o h EU n Scolan an h rs of h UK. Alhough a Scosh govrnmn rvw bas on survy aa bwn 1999 an 2005 foun ha popl n Scolan rpor broaly smlar Euroscpc vws as popl n Bran as a whol,233 Ipsos MORI no n Fbruary 2013 ha vors n Scolan sa hy woul choos o rman n h EU n a rfrnum, whl hr was a majory for whrawal n Englan.234 Ina Bas on nformaon conan n a 1987 CIA amag assssmn55 parally classf n Dcmbr 2012, has bn suggs56 ha US Navy nllgnc analys an Isral spy Jonahan Pollar may hav bn abl o bas US assssmns of h Vla vn n ways favorabl o Isral. 42q4BgPxkxvFFpEKpIMSdNJz5oIW4vf4As4WbFz Un Sas: Th Wh Hous congraula Scolan on hr full an nrgc xrcs of mocracy. Prsn Barack Obama wlcom h rsul, sayng h look forwar o connung our srong an spcal rlaonshp wh all h popl of Gra Bran an Norhrn Irlan.396 Inrnaonal rlaons Whn h s was scovr, svral ms wr foun n a small pcaon n: wha appar o b a sall phoo of h fgur, a jar conanng a small flag of h US, an a no whch rfrr o h Branch Davans, a rlgous group nfamous for bng aack n h Waco ra n 1993. Ths wr h only man-ma ms foun a h s whn was scovr. Vong for h rfrnum commnc on 27 Augus 2014, wh h rcp of ballos by posal vors. As of 15 Augus, 680,235 lgbl vors ha rgsr for posal vong, a 20% ncras compar wh March 2014.59 Durng h posal vo phas, Polc Scolan arrs a man from Glasgow on suspcon of sllng hs vo on Bay.60 Th Scosh Inpnnc Rfrnum Bll nf h Convnr of h Elcoral Managmn Boar for Scolan as Chf Counng Offcr for h rfrnum.383 Th Chf Counng Offcr, Mary Pcahly,384 was suppor by a Counng Offcr n ach of h 32 local auhory aras of Scolan,384 who was ypcally h Chf Excuv for ha local auhory. Each Counng Offcr ha a rfrnum am, whch nclu: Wlfar Supporrs of npnnc hav sa ha Scolan os no m s full conomc ponal bcaus s subjc o h sam conomc polcy as h rs of h UK.143144 In 2013, h Jmmy R Founaon publsh a rpor sang ha UK conomc polcy ha bcom ovrwhlmngly gar o hlpng Lonon, manng Scolan an ohr UK rgons suffr from bng n h spcfc, local polcs hy n.145 Lar n January 2014, Coln Fox sa ha Scolan s pnals by an conomc mol bas owars h Souh Eas of Englan.143 In Novmbr 2013, Chc Bro sa ha Scolan was prv of conomc bnf n h 1980s afr h Mnsry of Dfnc block ol xploraon off h Ws of Scolan, osnsbly o avo nrfrnc wh h UK's nuclar wapons arsnal.146 Goron Brown pon o h 2012 mal coun for Gra Bran, sayng ha show h succss of a unon ha nclu h wo naons.271 Scosh ahls wr nvolv n 13 of h 65 mals won by Gra Bran n 2012, bu only hr of hos wr won by Scos whou asssanc from ohr ahls.272 Sr Chrs Hoy sa n May 2013 ha coul ak m for Scosh ahls o sablsh hmslvs n a nw ranng nvronmn, ncang ha h goo prformanc of Scosh ahls n h Gra Bran am woul no auomacally ransla no ha of an npnn Scolan am.273 Hoy also sa ha h blv h lack of facls an coachng nfrasrucur n Scolan woul hav o b arss by an npnn sa.273 9 Furhr rang 2.1 Sov Unon Profssor John Curc sa n January 2012 ha pollng show suppor for npnnc a 32%-38% of h Scosh populaon, a slgh cln from 2007, whn h SNP frs form h Scosh govrnmn.372 By 2012, hr ha bn no poll vnc of majory suppor for npnnc, alhough h shar vhmnly oppos o npnnc ha cln.372 Accorng o Curc, h polls wr sabl urng mos of 2013, wh no lang by an avrag of 17% wh a yar o go.373 Pollng xpr Na Slvr sa n 2013 ha h ys campagn ha vrually no chanc of wnnng h rfrnum.374 Rsuls of polls o 11 Spmbr 2014. R: no, grn: ys 42q4BgPxkxvFFpEKpIMSdNJz5oIW4vf4As4WbFz Un Sas Numbr Hghway Sysm Th SNP rpa s commmn o hol a rfrnum whn publsh s 2011 Scosh parlamnary lcon manfso.18 Days bfor h lcon, Salmon sa ha lgslaon for a rfrnum woul b propos n h 2n half of h parlamn, as h wan o scur mor powrs for h Scosh Parlamn va h Scolan Bll frs.19 Th SNP gan an ovrall majory n h lcon, wnnng 69 from 129 sas, hrby ganng a mana o hol an npnnc rfrnum.2021 Th Chancllor of h Exchqur, as wll as quvaln pos-holrs n h wo ohr man UK polcal pars, rjc h a of a formal currncy unon wh an npnn Scolan n Fbruary 2014.171 Shaow Chancllor E Balls sa h SNP's proposals for a currncy unon wr conomcally ncohrn,172 an ha any currncy opon for an npnn Scolan woul b lss avanagous han wha w hav across h UK oay.173174 Basqu Counry: Ingo Urkullu, h Lhnakar of h Basqu Counry, sa on h ay of h rfrnum ha as h Brsh Govrnmn ha allow Scolan o frly c s own fuur, h rsponsbly of h Basqu govrnmn was o follow Scolan's foosps n scurng a smlar agrmn n Span.403 Thr was ba as o whhr h Scosh Parlamn ha h powr o lgsla for a rfrnum rlang o h ssu of Scosh npnnc, as h consuon s a rsrv mar for h UK Parlamn.15 Th Scosh govrnmn nss n 2010 ha hy coul lgsla for a rfrnum, as woul b an avsory rfrnum on xnng h powrs of h Scosh Parlamn,14 whos rsul woul hav no lgal ffc on h Unon.13:17 Lor Wallac, Avoca Gnral for Scolan, sa n January 2012 ha holng a rfrnum concrnng h consuon woul b ous h lgslav powr of h Scosh Parlamn2137 an ha prva nvuals coul challng a Scosh Parlamn rfrnum bll.38 5 S also Scon arcraf 1926 an 1948 vrsons of h U.S. Rou shl 10 Exrnal lnks In January 2012, h UK govrnmn offr o lgsla o prov h Scosh Parlamn wh h powrs o hol a rfrnum, provng was far, lgal an csv.21 Ths woul s rms of rfrnc for h rfrnum, such as s quson(s), lcor lgbly an whch boy woul organs h vo.22 As h UK govrnmn work on lgal als, nclung h mng of h vo, Salmon announc an nnon o hol h rfrnum n h auumn of 2014.22 Ngoaons connu bwn h wo govrnmns unl Ocobr 2012, whn h Enburgh Agrmn was rach.7 In 2013, as par of a Europan Unon (EU) mmbr sa, Scosh farmrs rcv ?583 mllon n subsy paymns from h EU unr h Common Agrculural Polcy (CAP).64 Annual CAP paymns ar ma o h UK, whch hn rmns how much o alloca o ach of h volv amnsraons, nclung Scolan.65 In h las CAP agrmn, farmrs n h UK qualf for aonal convrgnc paymns bcaus Scosh farmrs rcv a lowr avrag sngl farm paymn pr hcar, manly u o h mounanous rran n Scolan.6566 Supporrs of npnnc hrfor blv ha an npnn Scolan woul rcv grar agrculural subss han whn par of h UK.65 Opponns of npnnc blv ha Scosh farmrs bnf bcaus h UK was on of h largr EU mmbr sas an hrfor ha a grar say n CAP ngoaons.65 Thy also quson whhr an npnn Scolan woul mmaly rcv full subsy paymns from h EU, as rcn nw mmbr sas ha ha hr subss phas n.65 42q4BgPxkxvFFpEKpIMSdNJz5oIW4vf4As4WbFz Ys campagn posr on a shop Hsory Durng h campagn, hr wr allgaons by som npnnc supporrs ha h BBC - h UK's naonal broacasr - was bas agans Scosh npnnc.364 Th UK has som op-ous from EU polcs. On s h op-ou from h Schngn Ara, manng hr ar full passpor chcks for ravllrs from ohr EU counrs xcp Rpublc of Irlan, whch s par of h Common Travl Ara (CTA) wh h UK. Th Scosh govrnmn propos ha an npnn Scolan shoul rman ous h Schngn Ara an jon h CTA,6768 nsurng ha no passpor conrols woul b n a h Anglo-Scosh borr. Ncola Surgon commn ha an npnn Scolan woul ngoa wh h EU o hav h sam vsa arrangmns as h UK has.69 In May 2014, Labour MEP Dav Marn commn ha h EU was no gong o forc Scolan o jon Schngn.70 Ths sgn, phoograph n 1941 on US 99 bwn Sal, Washngon, an Porlan, Orgon, llusras on raonal for a fral hghway sysm: naonal fns. Norh Sa ol Map of h prsn U.S. Hghway nwork 42q4BgPxkxvFFpEKpIMSdNJz5oIW4vf4As4WbFz Unvrss 6 Rfrncs Fv ays bfor h rfrnum vo, h Orang Orr - a Prosan brohrhoo - hl a major an-npnnc march an rally n Enburgh. I nvolv a las 15,000 Orangmn, loyals bans an supporrs from Scolan an across h UK,330331 an was scrb as h bggs pro-Unon monsraon of h campagn up o ha a.332 A rally for UK uny, organs by h L's Say Toghr campagn, was an by 5,000 popl n Lonon's Trafalgar Squar on h Monay prcng h rfrnum.333 Smlar vns wr hl n Lonon, Brsol, Ls, Carff, Manchsr an Blfas on h ay bfor h rfrnum, alhough hr was a counr-monsraon by Ys supporrs n Lonon.334 Snc 1926, som v rous wr sgna o srv rla aras, an sgna roughly-quvaln spls of rous. For nsanc, US 11 spls no US 11E (as) an US 11W (ws) n Brsol, Vrgna an h rous rjon n Knoxvll, Tnnss. Occasonally only on of h wo rous s suffx; US 6N n Pnnsylvana os no rjon US 6 a s ws n. AASHTO has bn ryng o lmna hs snc 1934;16 s currn polcy s o ny approval of nw spl rous an o lmna xsng ons as raply as h Sa Hghway Dparmn an h Sanng Comm on Hghways can rach agrmn wh rfrnc hro.3 Th Brsh Columba por Prnc Rupr has a ral conncon o h rs of Canaa, bu a naval blocka s vw as asy f Vancouvr wr akn. Conns h Oucom of h vo In h US Hghway sysm, hr-g numbrs ar assgn o spurs of wo-g rous. US 201, for xampl, spls from US 1 a Brunswck, Man, an runs norh o Canaa.7 No all spurs ravl n h sam rcon as hr parns; som ar connc o hr parns only by ohr spurs, or no a all, nsa only ravlng nar hr parns. As orgnally assgn, h frs g of h spurs ncras from norh o souh an as o ws along h parn; for xampl, US 60 ha spurs, runnng from as o ws, sgna as US 160 n Mssour, US 260 n Oklahoma, US 360 n Txas, an US 460 an US 560 n Nw Mxco.8 As wh h wo-g rous, hr-g rous hav bn a, rmov, xn an shorn; h parn-chl rlaonshp s no always prsn. For xampl, svral spurs of h commsson US 66 sll xs. US 191 ravls from borr o borr alhough s parn, US 91, has bn largly rplac by Inrsa 15 (I-15).79 Saus of Norhrn an Wsrn Isls Qun Elzabh II of h Un Kngom US 32 Iowa 1926 shl markr 42q4BgPxkxvFFpEKpIMSdNJz5oIW4vf4As4WbFz (Rrc from Tyb Bomb) Vong ook plac bwn 07:00 an 22:00 BST385 n pollng placs,384 whch nclu schools, church halls, lbrars an communy cnrs. Thos who wr sll quung whn polls clos wr no n h chanc o vo.386 Th lns of h fgur wr 20-30 cm (8-12 nchs) p a h m of scovry an up o 35 mrs (114 f) w. Th mag s graually rong hrough naural procsss, bu bcaus h clma s xrmly ry an barrn n h rgon, h mag s sll vsbl as of 2013.2 Whl hr s a layr of wh chalk maral slghly blow h r sol, h fgur was no fn o hs ph. Approxmaly 90% of h Un Kngom's Norh Sa ol fls ar loca n Scosh rroral wars. Th ax rvnu gnra from an offshor s s no coun whn h naon or rgon nars o , bu s nsa alloca o h UK Connnal Shlf. Th rvnu from Norh Sa ol has bn us o suppor currn xpnur, rahr han crang a sovrgn ol fun.204205 Th SNP blvs ha a poron of h rvnus shoul b nvs n a sovrgn ol fun. Th Scosh govrnmn, cng nusry rgulaor Ol an Gas UK, sma n Scolan's Fuur ha hr wr 24 bllon barrls of ol quvaln (bo) rmanng o b xrac.206 Sr Ian Woo, founr of ol srvcs company Woo Group, sa n Augus 2014 ha h blv hr wr bwn 15 an 16.5 bllon bo an ha h mpac from clnng proucon woul b fl by 2030.206 In Spmbr 2014, an nvsgaon by nusry rcrumn wbs Ol an Gas Popl sa ha hr wr xnsv ol rsrvs o h ws of h Wsrn Isls an Shlan.207 Th rpor ancpa ha h rgon woul b vlop whn h nx 10 yars bcaus of mprovmns n rllng chnology, rg sgn an survyng.207 In 2010, was rpor ha, on Fbruary 27, 1980, Prsn Jmmy Carr wro n hs ary, W hav a growng blf among our scnss ha h Israls n conuc a nuclar s xploson n h ocan nar h souhrn n of Afrca.36 Marks an fnancal compans Canaa: John Bar, h Mnsr of Forgn Affars of Canaa, wlcom h cson an pras h conuc of h rfrnum.398 42q4BgPxkxvFFpEKpIMSdNJz5oIW4vf4As4WbFz A ky mov was a jon US army-navy aack o capur h por cy of Halfax, cung off h Canaans from hr Brsh alls. Thr nx objcv was o sz Canaan Powr Plans nar Nagara Falls5 Ths was o b follow by a full-scal nvason on hr frons: From Vrmon o ak Monral an Qubc, from Norh Dakoa o ak ovr h ralha a Wnnpg, an from h Mws o capur h sragc nckl mns of Onaro. In paralll, h U.S. Navy was o sz h Gra Laks an blocka Canaa's Alanc an Pacfc pors.2 Subsqun vlopmns In h Norhas, Nw York hl ou for fwr rous sgna as US hghways. Th Pnnsylvana rprsnav, who ha no an h local mngs, convnc AASHO o a a ns nwork of rous, whch ha h ffc of gvng sx rous rmn along h sa ln. (Only US 220 sll ns nar h sa ln, an now ns a an nrscon wh fuur I-86.) Bcaus US 20 sm nrc, passng hrough Yllowson Naonal Park, Iaho an Orgon rqus ha US 30 b swapp wh US 20 o h Pacfc coas.1 Som Amrcan nformaon rla o hs ncn has bn classf n h form of havly rac rpors an mmorana followng applcaons ma unr h USA From of Informaon Ac; on May 5, 2006, many of hs classf ocumns wr ma avalabl hrough h USA Naonal Scury Archv.6 Dv an spcal rous Man arcls: Ls of v U.S. Rous an Ls of bannr U.S. Rous W hav a growng blf among our scnss ha h Israls n conuc a nuclar s xploson n h ocan nar h souhrn n of Afrca.36 If a nuclar xploson occur, occurr whn h 3000-ml-w (4,800 km amr) crcl covrng pars of h Inan Ocan, h Souh Alanc, h souhrn p of Afrca, an a small par of Anarcca.30 Th Scosh govrnmn sa ha no havng a currncy unon coul cos busnsss n Englan, Wals, an Norhrn Irlan ?500 mllon n ransacon chargs whn rang wh an npnn Scolan;164165 Pla Cymru rasury spoksprson Jonahan Ewars commn ha such coss wr a hra o Wlsh busnss.165 Scosh Labour lar Johann Lamon sa ha any aonal ransacon coss woul fall largly on Scosh compans, cosng busnsss n Scolan 11 ms mor han hos n Englan.166 Th Insu of Drcors sa ha any nw ransacon coss woul pal n comparson o h fnancal angr of nrng an unsabl currncy unon.166 Avrsng Th Enburgh Agrmn sa ha h worng of h quson woul b c by h Scosh Parlamn an rvw for nllgbly by h Elcoral Commsson.41 Th Scosh govrnmn sa ha s prfrr quson was Do you agr ha Scolan shoul b an npnn counry? 42 Th Elcoral Commsson s h propos quson along wh hr ohr possbl vrsons.43 Thr rsarch foun ha h Do you agr prfac ma a lang quson, whch woul b mor lkly o garnr a posv rspons.42 Th quson was amn o Shoul Scolan b an npnn counry?, whch h Elcoral Commsson foun was h mos nural an concs of h vrsons s.4243 42q4BgPxkxvFFpEKpIMSdNJz5oIW4vf4As4WbFz 1 Sysm als War Plan R was on of a numbr of U.S. color-co war plans vlop by h U.S. afr h Frs Worl War. Elcoral ovrsgh Mar Collson summary